158 Transactions. — Zoology. 



The oesophagus enters the buccal cavity in the anterior 

 third ; it is a thin, narrow tube, without any distinctly marked 

 crop. The stomach forms a small elongated sac surrounded 

 by the liver ; and the tract of the intestine is apparently simi- 

 lar to Helix. 



The salivary gland (fig. 6) partly envelops the oesophagus, 

 and is situate on the posterior portion of the buccal mass ; it 

 consists of right and left lobes, the former being somewhat 

 the smaller. The two lobes anteriorly are almost completely 

 fused together ; viewed from the ventral side the divisional 

 line is seen to form a well-marked furrow on the posterior half 

 of the gland, but on the anterior portion it is scarcely indi- 

 cated, and the two parts cannot be separated without severing 

 the tissue of the gland. There is but a single salivary duct, 

 which proceeds from the median cleft on the anterior end of 

 the gland and enters the buccal cavity on the right of the 

 Cfisophagus and slightly posterior to it. Transverse sections 

 taken at the point w^here the salivary duct becomes merged in 

 the gland show that the ducts proceeding into the right and 

 lesser lobe are somewhat more conspicuous than those to the 

 left side. Neither of the lobes or glands appears to have 

 suffered any loss of function. In the situation of the salivary 

 duct it has the appearance of having changed from its normal 

 position, and to some extent doubtless it has, but it is presum- 

 able that the anterior end of the gland is more perfectly fused 

 and drawn together than in its normal condition ; also, it is 

 fairly conclusive proof that in a normal state the glands are 

 functionally united. The condition of the salivary glands in 

 Paryjyhanta is somewhat variable : thus, in P. hochstetteri they 

 are functionally united, while in P. busbyi they are distinctly 

 separate in function. In the former species the union of the 

 glands is most apparent in the very young individuals. The 

 right gland is much the smaller ; its duet divides into two 

 branches, either immediately before or as it enters the sub- 

 stance of the gland. One of these branches proceeds to the 

 anterior portion of the left gland, where it divides into several 

 lesser tubes; also, the cellular structure of glands is continuous 

 in this area. In adult specimens the line of cleavage between 

 the two glands is much more pronounced, but there is always 

 some portion in which the glandular mass is continuous. The 

 left salivary duct unites with its gland in a position consider- 

 ably posterior to that of the right duct and gland. 



The pedal gland (fig. 7) opens anteriorly between the 

 head and foot ; it forms a long slender tube much folded and 

 lying upon the floor of the body-cavity. Its posterior end is 

 enlarged, partly imbedded in a shallow cavity in the muscles 

 of the foot, and from its ventral side proceeds a small muscle 

 which unites with the adjoining tissue. 



