The multipliers used to estimate induced employment vary greatly among 

 OCS studies (Table 1). The variation reflects a variety of assumptions, 

 base conditions, and other factors, including the following: 



-- The size of the region under study. Smaller multipliers are 

 associated with smaller regions because a smaller percentage of 

 necessary services is likely to be available within the region. 



-- The presence or absence of needed facilities and services in the 

 region. Smaller multipliers are associated with regions having 

 limited industrial development, such as many rural areas, where 

 only a small percentage of induced demand can be accommodated 

 within the region. 



-- The types of industries and skills available in the region. 

 Larger multipliers are associated with regions where needed 

 services and skills are available. 



-- The availability of needed facilities and services in adjacent or 

 nearby regions. Smaller multipliers are associated with regions 

 where nearby locations outside the study region already offer the 

 necessary support. 



2.3.4 Total Employment 



Total employment is obtained by adding together the estimates for 

 direct, indirect, and induced employment. 



2.3.5 New Resident Employees 



After total employment has been estimated, the next step is to 

 estimate the number of anticipated jobholders who will move into the study 

 region. In approaching this question, studies sometimes divide employment 

 into three categories: local hire, new-resident hire, and non-resident 

 hire [5]. 



The new residents are of special interest in analysis of secondary 

 development. They are the employees who move into the study region and 

 require housing and other private and public services. They are the group 

 most likely to create demands for new facilities. 



The other employees are likely to cause less impact. The non- 

 residents presumably generate most facility demands where they live, 

 which is by definition outside the study region. And the employees who 

 already lived in the region before they got their OCS-related job (i.e., 

 those hired locally) are also unlikely to create major new demands. Unless 

 the new job permits a major change in their living standard, these employees 

 will probably continue to use the same facilities they were using before 

 they got an OCS-related job. 



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