HoLLOWAY. — Studies in the New Zealand Species of Lycopodium. 183 



are much broken uj) into curving bands and isolated groups, and the 

 protoxylem is markedly extended around the periphery of the stele. The 

 protoxylem and metaxylem elements are poorly lignified. The metaxylem 

 elements are large and are all of one size, there being no small flanking 

 tracheides present. In fig. 10 it is apparent at several places that the 

 metaxylem elements are separating from each other. In accordance with 

 the larger size of the phloem groups there is a distinct differentiation 

 between centrally placed large phloem elements and flanking phloem paren- 

 chyma, the latter in the region immediately behind the apex of the rhizome 

 showing abundant contents. In the nature of its cortical tissues this species 

 differs considerably from L. Drummondii. There is an outer zone of scleren- 

 chyma which includes the epidermis, while the rest of the cortex is thin- 

 walled but not of a spongy nature. Immediately surrounding the vascular 

 cylinder the cortex is small-celled, as will be seen in fig. 10. The pericycle 



Fig. 10. — Lycopodium cernuum. Tra^nsverse section of stele of main trailing 



stem. X 60. 

 Fig. 11. — Lycopodium laterale. Transverse section of stele of rhizome of strongly 



growing variety. X 90. 



in the mature stem is very indistinct, but in the region immediately behind 

 the rhizome apex it is seen to consist of a single layer of cells adjoining the 

 protoxylem, showing abundant cell-contents. The cells of the innermost 

 cortical layer show quite distinctly thickened angles : this will be the 

 endodermis. 



Fig. 11 is that of the stele of the more strongly growing variety of 

 L. laterale. This is somewhat larger than that of the tall slender form, but 

 otherwise does not differ from it. Behind the stem-apex the peripherally 

 extended nature of the protoxylems is very marked, but in the mature stem 

 it is not quite so clear, owing to the fact that the smallest protoxylem 

 elements are very feebly lignified, and also become crushed, and so are 

 not always easily recognized. The vascular tissues are quite clearly of the 

 mixed type. The cortical tissues are very similar to those of L. Drummondii, 



