Figure 68 



R&D Intensiveness in Manufacturing 



Industries, by Company Size, 1967 and 1970 



(Percentl 

 6.0 



R&D/net sales 



■1967- 



-1970- 



R&D scientists and engineers 

 per 1,000 employees 



(Number) 



Companies with— 

 Less than l.uuOto 5.000 to 10,000 or 

 1,000 4,999 9.999 more 



Employees 



SOURCE National Science Foundation 



5,000 to 10,000 or 

 9,999 more 



to a lesser extent, to the increasing R&D in 

 industries other than the five noted above. 



Industrial R&D in these manufacturing indus- 

 tries is also heavily concentrated in a relatively 

 small number of companies. The four com- 

 panies having the largest R&D investment spent 

 18 percent of all industrial R&D funds in 1970; 

 the largest 20 spent 55 percent; and the largest 

 100 spent 79 percent. Some 300 companies spent 

 "1 percent of all funds for industrial R&D. This 

 pattern changed little over the past decades. This 

 concentration, however, partially reflects the 

 fact that certain industries, particularly some of 

 those which are most R&D intensive (e.g., air- 

 craft and missiles), are largely comprised of a 

 relatively small number of large companies. 

 R&D in such industries tends, perforce, to be 

 concentrated in these large companies. 



81 



