Table 5. Citation/publication ratio' of scientific literature in selected fields 



United United 

 Selected field States Kingdom Germany France U.S.S.R. Japan Other 



Physics and 



geophysics 1.25 1.23 .78 .48 76 .64 .85 



Chemistry and 



metallurgy 1.34 122 1.07 .63 42 .63 .80 



Molecular biology .. . 1.28 1.14 .60 .37 .50 .67 .78 



Systematic biology . . .97 1.60 1.14 .85 (=) .91 .80 



Mathematics 1.10 1.42 .97 .66 .82 .84 .81 



Engineering 1.19 1.03 .82 .63 .62 .84 .84 



Psychology 1.05 .92 {') {') (') {') .84 



' Average of 1965. 1%7, 1969, and 1971 

 ' Not available. 



Source: Computer Horisons, Inc., Development ol US. and International Indicators ol the Quantity and 

 Quality ol Scientific Literature. September 1972. 



Table 6. Patents awarded to U.S. nationals by foreign countries' and 

 to foreign nationals' by tfie United States, 1966-70 



Patents awarded 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 



U.S. balance 23,061 21,798 23.226 17,026 14.286 



Patents awarded to foreign 

 nationals by the US 9,282 9,662 8,928 1 1 ,81 7 11 ,961 



Patents awarded to U.S. 

 nationals by foreign 

 countries 32,343 31.460 32.154 28,843 26,247 



' United Kingdom, U.S.S.R., Germany, France, and Japan 



Source: World Intellectual Properly Organization, Industrial Property. Geneva; 1967-71 (December issues). 



Table 7. U.S. patent balance with selected countries, 1966-70 



Selected country 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 



United Kingdom: 



Balance 11,440 10,877 10,107 9,503 9,776 



Awarded to U.S 14,117 13,676 12,588 12,728 



Awarded by U.S 2,677 2,799 2,481 2,952 



France: 



Balance 8,371 9.353 9,348 5,135 3,932 



Awarded to U.S 9.807 10.911 10.794 6.943 5.664 



Awarded by U.S 1.436 1.558 1.446 1.808 1.732 



Japan: 



Balance 3.561 2.008 3,439 2,505 2,149 



Awarded to U.S 4,683 3,432 4,903 4,657 4,774 



Awarded by US 1,122 1,424 1,464 2,152 2,625 



Germany: 



Balance -248 -362 362 -40 -1,552 



Awarded to U.S 3,733 3,406 3,804 4,483 2,882 



Awarded by U.S 3,981 3,766 3.442 4.523 4.434 



Source World Intellectual Property Organization, Industrial Property. Geneva 1967-71 (December issues). 



105 



