Segar. — The Struggle for Foreign Trade. 



523 



minion comes within this class. We have resources in great 

 variety, but the absolute smallness of its population aids the 

 influence of its smallness relatively to the extent of the land 

 of the Dominion, in constraining a one-sided development of 

 industry in the direction of mining, agriculture, and pastoral 

 pursuits. 



According to this argument it is in the case of nations that 

 have either sparse or very dense populations that we should 

 find generally the greatest foreign trades relatively to popula- 

 tion ; and of these generally the most conspicuous should be 

 the smallest populations in the former class and the smallest 

 countries in the latter. Table I refers to countries of sparse 

 populations producing an excess of food and raw materials. The 

 statistics are mostly quoted for the year 1904, and the countries 

 are arranged in the order of magnitude of the foreign trade per 

 head of population. 



It will be noticed here that the trade per head is less for 

 Australia as a whole than for any of the separate States. Thin 

 is because much of the trade of each State is with the other 

 States ; this counts as foreign trade for each separate State, 

 but is omitted as internal trade from the foreign trade of the 

 whole. This further illustrates why the trade per head is largely 

 influenced by the size of the community. The larger the com- 

 munity the greater tends to be the proportion of its total trade 

 which is merely internal trade. 



Table II refers similarly to a number of countries of dense 

 population in which the import of food and raw materials exceeds 

 the exports. 



