100 Transactions. 



Art. IX. — Relations tetioeen Cretaceous and Tertiary Rocks. 



By Professor P. Marshall, M.A., D.Sc, F.G.S., Otago University. 



[Read before the Otago Institute, 7th December, 1915.] 



1. Classifications of the younger rock-series of New Zealand, 

 (a.) General. 

 (6.) Hector's work. 

 (c.) Hutton's classification. 

 (d.) Park's classification, 

 (e.) Morgan's classification. 

 (/.) Marshall, Speight, and Cotton. 



II. Relationship between Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks, 

 (a.) Western and southern Europe. 

 (6.) Pacific region. 



(1.) California. 

 (2.) Chile. 

 (3.) Patagonia. 

 (4.) Magellan region. 

 (5.) Antarctica. 

 (6.) New Zealand. 



(v.) Wangaloa. 

 (w.) Hampden. 

 (x. ) Brighton. 

 (y.) Selwyn Rapids. 

 III. Conclusions. 



I. Classifications op the Younger Rock-series op New Zealand. 



(a.) General. 



It is well known that much discussion has taken place in New Zealand in 

 regard to the relation between the Cretaceous and the Tertiary rocks from 

 the stratigraphical and palaeontological points of view. Much difference of 

 opinion has been expressed, and, while some of the views which have been 

 advanced have now been allowed to lapse for want of support, it would be 

 foolish to suggest that any unanimity of opinion exists in regard to this 

 vexed question. 



The matter is not one of mere academic importance, but is actually 

 the geological question that carries in its train the most important con- 

 clusions in regard to the extent and occurrence of the productive coal- 

 measures in all parts of the country. So far as the coal-measures themselves 

 are concerned, the difference of opinion amounts to this : Some geologists 

 maintain that there are at least two coal-bearing horizons, while others 

 think that there is only one horizon of any importance at any locality, and 

 that this horizon is always at the base of that development of the younger 

 rocks which is found in the locality. 



