HoLLOWAY. — Studies in the New Zealand Species of Lycopodium. 267 



portion of the shaft. The tubercle is always thicldy infested with a 

 fungus, as also are the rhizoids. The necks of old archegonia were 

 seen in surface view on the upper portion of the shaft immediately under 

 the lobes. As in L. laterale, the foot of a young plant attached to a 

 prothallus could be plainly seen through the tissues of the latter. The 

 total length of the prothallus of this species varies between 1 mm. and 

 2 mm. No instances of branching from the tubercle were observed, such 

 as has been described in the last species. 



L. densum. 



As already stated, no prothalli of tliis species were found, but judging 

 from the fact that a large foot was seen on a young plant, which was 

 over 4 in. in height, and that this foot was about an inch below the 

 surface of the ground, it is concluded that the prothallus is large, firm, 

 and long-lived, and more or less deeply buried. 



L. volubile. 



A description of the pi-othalli of this species and of L. scariosiom has 

 been given by Miss Edgerky (8, pp. 95-99) from material supplied some 

 years ago by the present writer to the Botanical Laboratory of the Auck- 

 land University College. The following account incorporates the chief 

 points which I noted in the external examination of these prothalli and of 

 others of the same species subsequently discovered. The smallest pro- 

 thallus of L. volubile was about 1 mm. in height (fig. 22). There was a 

 long tapering cylindrical projection below, and an upper more bulky 



Figs. 22, 23. — Lycopodium volubile. Young prothalH. 22, X 12 ; 23, X 15. 

 Pigs. 24-27. — Lycopodium volubile. Older prothalli. 24, X 6 ; 25, X 12 ; 2n, x 8 ; 

 27, x 6. 



portion. The prothallus was opaque and whitish in colour, except for 

 its upper surface, which was moi'e translucent in appearance. Fig. 23 

 is that of a slightly older specimen, in which a saucef-like depression 

 surrounded by a thick rim is developing on the upper surface. In this 

 prothallus the upper portion was above ground, and the translucent rim 

 and depressed surface were green with chlorophyll. Still older pro- 

 thalli are shown in figs. 24-28. In most of these it will be seen that the 

 first-formed tapering portion is still present, in some cases as a blunt 

 and in others as a pointed projection on the lower surface. ' The greater 

 number of the prothalli showed a simple saucer-like depression on the 



