1 10 Transactions. 



meagre evidence of the occurrence of ammonites in the Tejon, it cannot be 

 held that the fauna of any part of the Tejon contains important Mesozoic 

 elements." 



Wilckens has discussed Stanton's work, and states that Stanton " Die 

 voUige zeitliche Verschiedenheit der Chico iind der Tejon Gruppe nach- 

 gewiesen hat wird. Die Chico Gruppe ist obercretasich, die Tejon eocan."* 

 This statement appears to imply that there is a well-marked division between 

 the beds, a conclusion that is certainly not supported by the quotations 

 from Stanton that have been given above. One must, however, agree with 

 Wilckens that definite lists of the Ohico and Tejon species are urgently 

 required. He appears to regard the Chico as the highest division of the 

 Senonian, and with it he places the Nanaimo division of the Canadian Pacific. 

 He also draws attention to the fact that a detailed description of the 

 Chico is still wanting, and that it is not possible at present to find out 

 from the literature what forms belong to the Chico and what forms are 

 of Tejon age. 



Finally, he says that, so far as the literature enables him to form an 

 opinion, it appears that the highest member of the Cretaceous rests in places 

 on the Lower Cretaceous, and in the east on the crystalline rocks at the foot 

 of the Sierra Nevada. The faima of these beds reveals their age as Upper 

 Cretaceous by means of the Ammonites and Baculites, and still more by the 

 typical occurrence of gastropods such as Pugnellus and Gyrodes ; and it has 

 a Pacific character. It is more closely related to the Indian and Quiriquina 

 fauna than to that of other American localities. He draws more comparisons 

 between the Ohico, Nanaimo, and Quiriquina beds, and shows that the 

 Nanaimo transgressed as did the Chico on the older crystalline rocks. 



Even in the Gulf of Mexico region the plane of separation from the 

 Cretaceous is not definitely decided. The latest suggestion is to include 

 in the Cretaceous a stratum which contains a moUuscan fauna without 

 cephalopods, and which has, with one exception, only Tertiary genera.f 



(2.) Chile. 

 The work of d'OrbignyJ and of Darwin§ first gave us information of the 

 occurrence of fossiliferous laeds in this part of the world. One of the most 

 important localities is the Island of Quiriquina, in the Bay of Concepcion. 

 Of the fossils fomid here, Darwin remarks, " Although the generic character 

 of the Quiriquina fossils naturally led M. d'Orbigny to conceive that they 

 were of Tertiary origin, yet as we now find them associated with the 

 Baculites vagina and an ammonite we must, in the opinion of M. d'Orbigny, 

 if we are guided by the analogy of the Northern Hemisphere, rank them 

 in the Cretaceous system." On page 131 he further says, " From these 

 [stratigraphical] facts, and from the generic resemblance of the fossils from 

 the difierent localities, I cannot avoid the suspicion that they all belong 

 to nearly the same epoch, which epoch, as we shall immediately see, must 

 be a very ancient Tertiary one." Included in this general statement were 

 the beds of Navidad, 160 miles north of Concepcion and sixty miles south 

 of Valparaiso. 



* O. Wilckens, " Revision der Fauna der Quiriquina Schichten," Neues Jahrb. fiir 

 Min., &c.. Beil.-Band xiii, 1904, p. 281. 

 t Journ. of Geol., xxiii, 1915, p. 523. 



X " Voyage dans I'Amerique meridionale," 1842, Parties iii, iv. 

 § "Geological Observations in South America," 1851, p. 126. 



