HoLLOWAT. — Studies in the New Zealand Species of Lycopodium 291 



:w-lem vessels occur. The protoxylem is very much extended peripherally 

 in narrow bands, several of -which may join and so form a thin unbroken 

 band extending a considerable distance around the cylinder. The 

 phloem tissue is homogeneous, there being no differentiation into sieve 

 tubes and phloem parenchyma. There is a pericyclic zone of cells lying 

 between the vascular tissues and the sclerenchyma of the cortex, the inner- 

 most layer of this pericycle being composed of small phloem-like cells 

 staining darkly with haematoxylin. The sporophylls are arranged in 

 eight orthostichies in alternate whorls of four, but there is no corre- 

 spondence whatever between the leaf-system and the configuration of the 

 vascular cylinder in those parts. Both in the cone and in its Dedicel 



85/ 



Figs. 85-96. — Lycopodium, New Zealand species. Transverse sections of 



vascular cylinder of main stem. Semi-diagrammatic. Xylem and 



protoxylem elements indicated throughout. The circle in each 



case represents the inner limit of the cortex. 

 Fig. 85. — Lycopodium Selago. Transverse section of vascular cylinder of lower 



region of stem. X 70. 

 Fig. 86. — Lycopodiuvi Billardieri. Transverse section of vascular cylinder of 



lower region of stem. X 40. 

 Fig. 87. — Lycopodium varium. Transverse section of vascular cylinder of main 



stem. X 60. 

 Fig. 88. — Lycopodium Drummondii. Transverse section of vascular cylinder 



of main rhizome. X 60. 

 Fig. 89. — Lycopodium laterale. Transverse section of vascular cylinder of stout 



rhizome. X 40. 

 Fig. 90. — Lycopodium cernuum. Transverse section of vascular cylinder of 



main stem. X 20. 



the characters of the vascular tissues of the main stem are rejoroduced, 

 although on a smaller scale. It is to be noted that in this species a 

 cone with its pedicel forms a not inconsiderable portion of the bulk of 

 the whole plant, so that the vascular cylinder in the fertile regions is not 

 greatly reduced in size. 



L. laterale. 



Fig. 89 depicts the vascular cylinder of a strongly growing main 

 rhizome, such as is typical when this species occurs in an open situation. 

 The inner cortex, comprising about one-half of the entire cortical tissues, 



10* 



