Quail. — On Lysiphragrna howesii. 157 



stage, but I cannot find traces of the posterior hairs. The 

 ventral area of pupal segments is smooth (no spines), with 

 some hairs possibly homologous of the subventral and ventral 

 larval hairs. 



This pupa met with an accident during examination and 

 succumbed. However, I had the satisfaction of receiving a 

 note from Mr. Howes, saying he had bred a specimen of the 

 imago. Upon this I wrote, asking him to forward empty 

 pupa-case, so that I could examine the manner of dehiscence, 

 and I subsequently received same. The dorsum of meta- 

 thorax is split centrally. Prothorax, head parts — antennae, 

 proboscis — and leg- cases separate from each other and from 

 the wing-cases throughout their length ; the latter remain 

 connected with the thoracic segments, but are quite severed 

 from the abdominal segments. 



Mr. G. Howes was also kind enough to forward specimens 

 of the imago to me, same having been bred on and after the 

 21st December, 1899. 



Imago. 



Expands ^fin. The markings of wings are not very 

 distinct. Ground-colour of fore wings is greenish, intermixed 

 with paler scales ; near the base is a suffused blackish 

 line. At 1/3 on the inner margin is a black spot, at 1/2 

 a similar spot ; both extend upwards by a thin wavy line 

 to about the middle of wing. On the costal margin at 

 2/3 is a light patch edged with black ; at the apex there is 

 also a light patch. The costa is marked with black dots. 

 Hind wings are grey on basal area, darker at margin. Thorax 

 silvery, with green scales intermixed. Abdomen silvery-grey. 



Structure : Antennae comparatively long ; clavola segments 

 elongate, with a broad margin of basal scales, directed an- 

 teriorly. The labial palpi are large, ascending, each joint 

 covered with scales. Maxillary palpi are long and slender, 

 with several joints covered with scales ; there is apparently 

 a short proboscis. 



Neuration (Fig. C) : Fore — Subcostal, 1 ; radius, 5 ; 

 media, 3 ; cubitus, 2 ; anal, 2 = 13 nervules. Hind — Sub- 

 costal, 1 ; radius, 1 ; media, 3 ; cubitus, 2 ; anal, 1 = 8 ner- 

 vules. 



The neuration is distinctly specialised — that is to say, 

 very much modified from assumed (Trichoptera) lepidopterous 

 primitive type. The loss of the stem (nervure) of the median 

 system is itself a mark of specialisation, although the median 

 of the hind wings remains. The number of radial nervules 

 (hind) is reduced to one only. It would be interesting to 

 compare this neuration with that of Sesiidce (New Zealand 

 representative, S. tipuliformis, introduced from Europe), 



