180 



ute gave further insight into what was expected of the IAEA and 

 what benefits were expected by interests of the United States. The 

 Statute was the subject of hearings before the Senate Committee on 

 Foreign Relations with the invited participation of the Senate Mem- 

 bers of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. 



Secretary Dulles, Ambassador Wadsworth and Chairman Strauss 

 of the AEC carried the burden of advocacy and defense. Their 

 testimony gives many insights into the diplomatic initiatives of the 

 United States, and into U.S. policy for commercial nuclear power in 

 Europe, as illustrated in the following sampling. 



In terms of foreign policy advantages to the United States Chairman 

 Strauss and Secretary Dulles outlined reasons for congressional ap- 

 proval of the International Statute. Approval would : 10 ° 



(1) Accelerate nuclear progress: The Agency would provide a 

 forum for the exchange of discovery and invention among all 

 nations. 



(2) Provide safeguards: Provide an effective system of safe- 

 guards to insure the development of atomic energy with security. 



(3) Enhance nuclear health and safety: Protect, through in- 

 ternational codes, the health and safety of those increasing num- 

 bers of persons who would work with or live near nuclear estab- 

 lishments. 



(4) Improve manpower utilization: Establish a pool of man- 

 power resources which otherwise could be a limiting factor for 

 the peaceful use of the atom. 



(5) Strengthen control of nuclear weapons: Demonstrate the 

 feasibility of international controls and safeguards which could 

 have a constructive impact upon negotiations for the regulation 

 and reduction of armaments. 



(6) Reduce pressure for proliferation : By opening the develop- 

 ment of nuclear power to international scrutiny, the Agency could 

 reduce internal pressure within nations to develop their own nu- 

 clear weapons because of suspicion of the nuclear activities of 

 their neighbors. 



(7) Improve the climate of international r< 1 at ions: Initiate co- 

 operation with the Soviet Union which could have a favorable 

 impact upon the climate of international relations. "The splitting 

 of the atom might conceivably lead to a unifying of the now di- 

 vided world." 1(il 



™ Ibid., pp. 4-5 



