Fox. — The WaUenuita Series. 473 



The outcrops of the breccia at White Bluff and Wairau 

 have already been described in sufficient detail. The other 

 outcrops now to be described are as follows : (1) St. Helier's 

 Bav ; (2) Cheltenham and Narrow Neck ; (3) Deep Creek ; 

 (4) Okura; (5) Whangaparaoa. 



The outcrop at St. Helier's Bay is a reef, covered at high- 

 tide, about 20 yards from low-water mark. It is a coarse 

 bed, with large rounded and angular fragments, and contains 

 Pecten zittelh, Pecten bumetti(?), and Bryozoa too much 

 weathered for identification. 



Cheltenham Beach is the first outcrop north of the har- 

 bour, and is the typical one (Plate XXXVIII. , fig. 2.) The 

 bed has an easterly dip, and comes down along the face 

 of the cliff, which extends at right angles to the above 

 section. The breccia is thus exposed for several hundred 

 yards. The cliff then again turns east and west, and at 

 the head of the bay the dip has increased from 30° to 70°. 

 Bound the headland there is violent dislocation and a fault. 

 Beyond this the sandstones show a beautiful example of a 

 dome, the centre of which is at the middle line of the beach. 

 A few hundred yards beyond, the north-westerly dip brings 

 down a volcanic bed. This is much thinner than the bed at 

 Cheltenham — only about a quarter of a mile distant in a direct 

 line. It is, however, equally coarse, and I see no reason to 

 suppose it to be a separate bed. The only fossils obtained were 

 some weathered Bryozoa. This outcrop is very remarkable, 

 owing to the fact that in the breccia as seen in the face of the 

 low cliff there is evidence of very complete decomposition, 

 while where it is exposed to the waves it is quite fresh and 

 hard. At the former place it has weathered to a creamy 

 white and is clayey to the touch ; the lava is pale-grey, 

 scarcely distinguishable from the matrix, and quite soft and 

 rotten, so that the bed might be mistaken for a mudstone. 

 As one follows it towards the water's edge it hardens and 

 darkens, till at low-water mark it exactly resembles the out- 

 crop at Cheltenham, the lava here being dark-grey or black, 

 and giving a ringing sound when struck with the hammer, 

 though at the cliff one may pull it to pieces with one's 

 fingers. 



Crossing the bay, along the shore of which there is nothing 

 more than a bank a few feet high, the dip continues regular, 

 till at the north headland the breccia is again met with in a 

 long reef separated from the cliffs by a fault. It runs out into 

 the sea for several hundred yards. I found no fossils except 

 Bri/ozoa. It seems quite possible that the reef may be an 

 extension of the fault. The outcrop at Wairau Creek has 

 been mentioned in discussing the age of the bed. It is the 

 next outcrop. 



