Herriott. — Plants from the Southern Islands. 403 



Anatomy (fig. 14). — In a transverse section of a leaf of this 

 plant were seen small pits or indentations on the upper surface, 

 one of which is given in fig. 14a. These pits, or others very- 

 similar to them, are found on both surfaces of the two species 

 of Cotula next described, but what their significance is I cannot 

 say. They are not there for the protection of the stomata, 

 for the stomata occur on the exposed epidermal surface. In 

 this plant the bordering epidermal cells contained several small 

 oil-globules, which were also found in other cells of epidermis. 

 There is a thick, smooth cuticle (cut.) protecting the epidermis 

 on the upper surface. The epidermal cells (cp.) are more or less 

 cubical, except those forming the lining to the pits (a), which 

 are somewhat elongated. Stomata (st.) are found on both sur- 

 faces. The chlorenchyma is differentiated into palisade of 4-5 

 layers of slightly elongated cells, somewhat larger than those 

 of A. rosulata, and spongy tissue (sp.), consisting of rounded 

 cells similar in size and position to those of A. rosulata. The 

 vascular bundles (v.b.) are surrounded by a well-marked endo- 

 derm, while above and below each bundle is a resin-passage (c) 

 lined with epithelium. Another resin - passage is found near 

 each edge of the leaf, so in the sections figured in Plate XXXI 

 there are eight resin-canals and three vascular bundles. Below 

 the midrib is a layer two cells thick of hypodermal collenchyma 

 (col.), while the epidermal cells themselves are also strengthened 

 by collenchymatous tissue. 



Cotula lanata, Hook. f. 



" Cotula lanata has pale-green or brown prostrate stems, 

 which creep along the ground or hang down the face of vertical 

 cliffs. The extremities of the stems are ascending, bending 

 upwards and bringing into the light the terminal leaf rosettes, 

 which consist of a few spreading pale-green pinnatifid leaves. 

 The stems are marked at intervals with old leaf-scars, and from 

 some of the nodes roots pass downwards into the rock-crevices, 

 thus firmly anchoring the plant to the substratum. Leaves are 

 fleshy and vary in colour, those innermost and not fully developed 

 being of a darker green than the longer and more external ones. 

 In shape they are obovate, the blades deeply pinnatifid, + 15 mm. 

 long by + 12 mm. broad, and the segments are toothed on the 

 upper margins [see fig. 156]. Such teeth, + 2 mm. long, are 

 bent at an angle, frequently almost at a right angle, to the plane 

 of the leaf, thus making one-third of the assimilating surface 

 vertical or nearly so, while the remaining two-thirds is hori- 

 zontal. The fleshy, pale-coloured petiole is nearly twice as long 

 as the lamina, and possesses a broad sheathing base + 5 mm. 

 long, furnished with a membranous margin. The petiole and 



