Herriott. — Plants from the Southern Islands. 407 



between two ribs, and shows the arrangement of this portion 

 of the leaf. There is no cuticle, but numerous jointed hairs 

 (h) are developed from the epidermal cells of both surfaces. 

 The upper epidermis (ep.) consists of regular thin -walled 

 rectangular cells, somewhat larger than those of the lower 

 epidermis (l.ep.). Stomata (st.) are found only on the lower 

 surface. Beneath the upper epidermis are arranged two rows 

 of large colourless cells, acting as water-storage tissue (st.l.), 

 and below these again come the chlorophyll-containing cells. 

 They can hardly be said to be differentiated into palisade and 

 spongy tissue. All the cells are of a fairly uniform size, being 

 more or less cubical. Those just below the storage tissue are 

 arranged compactly in two layers; the rest, about eight layers, 

 are arranged more or less in chains, the ends of which adjoin 

 the lower epidermis, thus leaving large air-spaces (a.s.) on the 

 lower side of the leaf. The ribs of the leaf are made up of a 

 mass of rounded collenchyma cells of varying size. On the lower 

 surface the epidermal cells (Lev.) are small in comparison, and 

 thick- walled, giving rise to numerous hairs (h.), and just above 

 this layer is another of larger cubical thin-walled parenchyma 

 cells (par.). The vascular bundle (v.b.) is surrounded by a thick- 

 walled endodermis (endo.). The xylem (xy.) is very strongly 

 developed, while above it comes a tissue resembling the phloem 

 (ph.) tissue below. 



Senecio antipoda, Kirk. 



" Branches spreading from base, very stout, grooved, ^ in. 

 to \ in. in diameter, fistulose, glabrous except peduncles and 

 young leaves, mealy-tomentose beneath. Radical leaves ap- 

 parently narrowed into a petiole ; upper sessile by a broad 

 auriculate base, membranous, sparingly and irregularly pinnatifid 

 or partite, 2 in. to 5 in. long, 1 in. to 3 in. broad ; segments 

 toothed, lobed, or almost pinnatifid, acute."* 



" The upper surface of the leaf is green and almost glabrous 

 in adult leaves, but the under surface is more or less tomentose 

 with loose cobwebby hairs, the tomentum being much more 

 abundant in young than in old leaves. The margins are recurved, 

 and on the under surface of the leaf is a prominent midrib 

 which gradually broadens towards the base. The tomentum 

 plays an important part in protecting the bud in winter."! 



" Senecio antipoda much more resembles the common Euro- 

 pean groundsel in outward appearance than do any others of 

 the herbaceous section of this genus in New Zealand " (p. 293). 



* Kirk (1899). 



t Cockayne (1903), p. 294. 



