Massey. C.I.. 1474. Bioliigy and la\iinom\ of ncmalddc para- 

 sites and associates of bark beetles in the Linited Slates. LISOA 

 Agric. Handbook No. 446. 2.V^p. 



Maz/one. H. M. 1475. Analysis of serological studies on the 

 nucleopolyhedrosis and granulosis (capsule) viruses of insects. 

 Baculoviruses for Insect Pest Control: Safety Considerations. 

 Am. Sue. Microbiology. 



W'ickni;ui, B. K., R. R. Mason and C. G. Thompson. 147.V 

 Major outbreaks of the Douglas-fir tussock moth in Oregon 

 and California. LISDA Forest Serv.. Pacific Northwest Forest 

 and Range F\pl Sla. Gen Tech Rpt PNW-.s. IXp. 



Human Requirements for Nutrients 



Research is focusing on the development of 

 recommendations for nutrient intake by humans 

 and identification of forms of nutrients in foods 

 that may be useful in meeting these requirements. 

 Current lesearch encompasses proteins, lipids, 

 carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. Other 

 areas of concentrated basic research include stud- 

 ies on the influence of food fat on cholesterol lev- 

 els: biologically etTective forms of iron, zinc, cop- 

 per, and chromium; improving the basis for the 

 recommended daily allowance (RDA) of nutrients, 

 especially for vitamin C and B6; and determining 

 the metabolic response to certain dietary fiber 

 components. Another phase of this research is 

 designed to devise quicker ways to assess the nu- 

 tritional status of individuals. Examples of recent 

 achievement include the identification of good 

 iron availability in wheat and the isolation of an 

 iron compound: identification of food sources of 

 the chromium-containing "glucose tolerance fac- 

 tor""; magnesium requirements of adolescent 

 boys; and probable identification of nickel as an 

 essential human nutrient. 



Hansen, D. I ,., J A Lorenzan. A. F. Morris. R. A. Ahrens. 

 and J. E. Wilson, Jr. 1467. F:frect of fat intake and exercise on 

 .serum cholesterol and body composition of rats. Amer. J. 

 Physiol. 2I.'?:.'!47-3.'i2. 



lacono, J. M.. M. W. Marshall. R. M. Dougherty. J. F. Mach- 

 in, J. J. Canary, and R. A. Binder. 1974. Influence of dietary 

 fats on blood lipids, bUn)d pressure, and thrombotic indices in 

 man. J. Amer. Oil Chcm. Soc. .'il^SZ.^A 



Leverlon. R. I. . J. M. l.eichsenring. H l.inkswiller, and F. J. 

 Meyers. 1971. Magnesium requirements of young women re- 

 ceiving controlled intake. J. Nutr. 74:33-3X. 



Lokken. D. M., E. S. Halas, and H. H. Sandslead. 197.3. Influ- 

 ence of zinc deficiency on behavior. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol, and 



Med. 144:6X0-6X2. 



Mertz. W., H. W. Toepfer, E. E. Roginski. and M. M. Polan- 

 sky. 1974. Present knowledge of the role of chromium. Fed. 

 Proc. .3.3:227.'5-22XO. 



Nielsen, F. H., and D. A. Oelerich. 1974. Nickel, a new essen- 

 tial trace element. Fed. Proc. 33:1767-1772. 



Nutritional Interrelationships in Lipid 

 Metabolism in the Human 



Scientists have concentrated efforts for a num- 

 ber of years on research to increase knowledge of 

 interrelationships in lipid metabolism. Principal 

 accomplishments reported include: (1) Relation- 

 ships between dietary fat and lipids in blood and 

 other tissues — a number of dietary factors other 

 than lipids affected serum cholesterol levels. 

 Among the factors are feeding frequency; low 

 protein cereal diets; diets deficient in methionine, 

 choline, or protein; and configuration of unsatur- 

 ated lipids: (2) relationships between lipids and 

 other substances in metabolism — identified were 

 diets high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 

 or orotic acid, choline deficiency, and excessive 

 dietary linoleic acid; (3) relationship between lipid 

 utilization and physiological state, normal and 

 abnormal — morphology and structural integrity of 

 cardie tissue and PUFA, hepatic mitochondria! 

 membranes and membrane-bound enzyme activi- 

 ties with diets high in PUFA; excessive vitamin D 

 intake and cell degeneration in smooth muscle. 



Kummerow. F. A., B. H. S Cho. W-Y-T. Huang. H. Imai, A. 

 Kamison. M. J. Deutsch and W. M. Hooper. 1976. Additive 

 risk factors in atherosclerosis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. (in press). 



l.eveille. G. A.. D. R. Romsos, Y. Y. Yeh, and E. K. O'Hea. 

 1975. Lipid biosynthesis in the chick. A consideration of site 

 of synthesis influence of diet and possible regulatory mechan- 

 isms. Poultry Sci. 54:1075. 



l.yman. R. C, C. Ciotas. B Medwadowski and P. Miljanich. 

 1975 Effect of low methionine, choline deficient diets upon 

 major unsaturated phosphatidyl choline fractions of rat livers 

 and plasma. Lipids 10:157. 



Patton. S. and T. W. Keenan. 1975. The milk fat globule 

 membrane. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 415:273. 



Pringle. D. J., P. S. Wahdwa and C. E. Elson 1976. Influence 

 of frequency of eating hypoenergetic diets in insulin response 

 in women during weight reduction. Nutr. Reports Inter, (in 

 press). 



Raphael. B. C, S. Patton and R. D. McCarthy. 1975. The serum 

 lipoproteins as a source of milk cholesterol. FEBS Letter 58:47. 



Romos. Dale R. and Gilbert A. Leveille. 1975. Factors influ- 

 encing adipose tissue response to food carbohydrates. Amer. 

 Chem. Soc. 15:46. 



Stanek. K. M. and C Kies. 1975. The influence of three plant 

 oils on blood serum phospholipids of adolescent boys. 

 Department Report No. 14 Department of Food and Nutrition, 

 University of Nebraska, Lincoln. 



Shrago, E.. A. Shug and C. Elson. 1976. Regulation of cell 

 metabolism by mitochondrial transport systems. In: 

 Gluconeogenesis. M. A. Melman and R. W. Hanson, eds. 

 Academic Press, New York (in press). 



Tsai, A. C, D R Romsos and G. A. Leveille. 1975. Eff'ect of 

 dietary cholesterol on hepatic lipogenesis and plasma insulin 

 and free fatty acid levels in rats. J. Nutr. 105:939. 



AGRICULTURE 



15 



