2. Burpee. R. W., 1975: Some Features of Synoplic-Scale 

 Waves Based on a Compositing Analysis of GATE Data 

 Monthly Weather Review . Volume 103. No. 10. pp 921-925. 



.t. Duing. W. P Hisard, E Katz. J. Meincke, L. Miller. K. V. 

 Moroshkin. G Philander. A. A. Ribnikov. K. Voigt. and R 

 Weisberg. 1975: Meanders and Long Waves in the Equatorial 

 Atlantic. Nature. Volume 257. pp 280-284. 



4. Gruber. A. 1976: An Estimate of the Daily Variation of 

 Cloudiness over the GATE A/B Area. Monthly Weather 

 Review. Volume 104. No. 8. pp. 10.^6-10.^9. 



5. Julian. P. R.. and R Steinberg, 1975: Commercial Aircraft 

 as a Source of Automated Meteorological Data for GATE and 

 DST Bulletin of the Aweriain Meteorological Society . 

 Volume 56. No. 2. pp. 243-251. 



6. Kuhn. P. M.. H. K. Weichmann, and L. P. Stearns. 1975: 

 Longwave Radiation Effects of the Harmattan Haze. Journal 

 of Geophysical Research. Volume 80, No. 24, pp. 34I9-342.V 



7. Merceret, F. J.. 1976: Airborne Hot-Film Measurements of 

 the Small-Scale Structure of Atmospheric Turbulence During 

 GATE. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences. Volume 33. No 9, 

 pp. 1741-1746. 



8. Mercerel, F. J . 1976: Measuring Atmospheric Turbulence 

 with Airborne Hot-Film Anemometers. Journal of Applied 

 Meteorology. Volume 15. No. 5, pp. 482-490. 



9. Miyakoda, F., L. Umscheid, D H. Lee, J. Sirutis, R. 

 Lusen, and F Pratte, 1976: The Near Real-Time, Global Four 

 Dimensional Analysis Experiment during the GATE Period, 

 Part I. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences. Volume 33, No 4, 

 pp. 56 1 -.59 1. 



10 Young. J A.. 1976: Wind Observations from the USNS 

 VANGUARD during GATE Phase L Monthly Weather 

 Rev/ew. Volume 104, No. 3, pp. 316-320. 



3. The Measurement of Ambient Air Temperature with Aspi- 

 rated and Unaspirated Thermocouples in the Field. Vaughn, 

 Harry C. and C. M. Sakamola, Iowa Journal of Science. 



4. Application of the Poisson and Negative Binomial Models 

 to Thunderstorm and Hail Days Probabilities in Nevada. 

 Sakamota, Clarence M., Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 101. 

 No. 4. 1973. 



5. Climatic Effects. Impacts of Climatic Change on the Bio- 

 sphere. "Wheat" by Ramirez, J. N., C. M. Sakamota and R. 

 E Jensen, Section 4.1.2 ClAP Monograph 5, Part 2. 

 Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, pp. 4-37 to 

 4-90. September 1975. 



6. J Murray Mitchell. Jr.. An Overview of Climatic Variahili- 

 t\ and Its Casual Mechanisms. University of Washington. 

 Quaternary Research 6, 481-493, September 1976. 



7. J. Murray Mitchell. Jr., ,4 Reassessment of Atmospheric 

 Pollution as a Cause of Long-Term Changes of Global Tem- 

 perature. S. Fred Singer (ed). The Changing Global Environ- 

 ment. 149-173, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, 

 Holland, 1975. 



S J Murray Mitchell. Jr.. Observed Variability of the Climat- 

 ic System. WMO GARP Publication Series, No. 16. pp. 4-12. 

 April 1975. 



9. J. Murray Mitchell. Jr., Note on Solar Variability and \'ol- 

 canic .Activity as Potential Sources of Climatic Variability. 

 WMO GARP Publication Series. No. 16. 127-131, April 1975. 



10 J. Murray Mitchell, Jr.. The Effect of Atmospheric Aero- 

 sols on Climate with Special Reference to Temperature Near 

 the Earth's Surface. Journal of Applied Meteorology. Vol 10. 

 No. 4, pp. 703-714. August 1971. 



11. J Murray Mitchell, Jr.. The Global Cooling Effect of In- 

 creasing Atmospheric Aerosols: Fact or Fiction. WMO Publi- 

 cation .347. .August 1971. 



Climate Effects of Atmospheric Aerosols and 

 Pollutants on Global Temperature 



NOAA's climate research is pursued primarily 

 through theoretical studies, empirical analyses, 

 and numerical simulation. Research activity in- 

 cluded the analysis of the 15-year global atmos- 

 pheric data set from 1958 to 1973 to provide a 

 definitive determination of inteiannual climate 

 variability and to relate local anomalies such as 

 droughts to anomalies in the surface temperature 

 and in the snow and ice cover. One part of the 

 program deals with the measurement and predic- 

 tion of atmospheric carbon dioxide, whose inexo- 

 rable increase may lead to significant global 

 warming within the next 25 to 50 years unless pro- 

 jected fossil fuel combustion rates are radically 

 reduced. 



Pertinent papers and articles are listed below: 



1. Economic Impacts of Weather Variability. Columbia: 

 University of Missouri. Department of Atmospheric Science 

 1975. 



2. Light Distribution in Field Soybean Canopies. Sakamota. 

 Clarence M. and R. H. Shaw. Agronomy Journal. Vol. 59, pp. 

 7-9, 1967 



40 COMMERCE 



The International Field Year of the Great 

 Lakes (IFYGL) 



IFYGL was a joint American-Canadian contri- 

 bution to the International Hydrologic Decade. 

 The major purpose of the joint study was to de- 

 velop a scientific basis for water resource man- 

 agement on the Great Lakes as an aid in solving 

 problems of water quantity and quality. Lake 

 Ontario was selected as a representative lake. A 

 series of studies on the hydrology, physics, chem- 

 istry, and biology of the lake as well as investiga- 

 tions of the effects of ice and lake storms provide 

 information necessary to help make sound man- 

 agement decisions relating to navigation, hydro- 

 power, public water supply, waste disposal, recre- 

 ation, fish productivity, highway transportation, 

 and the operation of port facilities. IFYGL em- 

 phasized the interrelationships between the cur- 

 rents and thermal structures and the chemical and 

 biological processes. 



Papers and articles by NOAA authors or by 

 authors supported by NOAA funds appear below: 



I. Bean, B. R.. C. B. Emmanuel. R. O. Gilmer, and R. E. 

 McGavin, "The Spatial and Temporal Variations of Heat, 



