FY 1977 plan. This plan calls for: 



• Development of an evaluative model for pre- 

 dicting the distribution and half-life of mercury 

 among the various substrates of fresh surface 

 water ecosystems and calibrating it for mala- 

 thion. 



• Development of procedures for estimating 

 water quality (relative to sediment and nu- 

 trients) that would exist in a given watershed 

 under various hypothetical land use practices 

 (including return to a "natural" state). 



• Development of additional source-loading 

 functions to predict pollutant loads to streams 

 from nonpoint sources. 



• Coupling nonpoint source-loading models to 

 basin water quality models for use in assess- 

 ing water quality impacts (relative to biologi- 

 cal oxygen demand, sediment, and nutrients 

 tests) of both nonpoint and point sources. 



Five-year plan. The five-year plan will: 



• Provide EPA's Office of Toxic Substances 

 (OTS) and ORD/Office of Health Ecological 

 Effects (OHEF) with suitable multimedia 

 microcosm techniques (and user instructions) 

 for use as tools in predicting environmental 

 distribution of various classes of pollutants 

 that would result if released into the environ- 

 ment. 



• Complete laboratory evaluation of heavy 

 metals (in water) submodel, verify (in labora- 

 tory and experimental field systems), and 

 calibrate for mercury, and provide user man- 

 uals to OTS and to EPA's Office of Pesticide 

 Programs (OPP) and Office of Water Planning 

 and Standards (OWPS). 



• Expand the pesticide (in water) submodel to 

 handle persistent pesticides and highly vola- 

 tile pesticides; verify (in laboratory and ex- 

 perimental field systems), and calibrate. 



• Provide improved or additional nonpoint 

 source loading models coupled to basin water 

 quality models. 



Industrial Processes Program 



This program includes two research subpro- 

 grams: The minerals, processing, and manufactur- 

 ing industries, and the renewable resources indus- 

 try. The split is made on the character of sources 

 being investigated — point and nonpoint sources, 

 respectively. 



The minerals, processing, and manufacturing 

 industries subprogram considers point sources in 

 water, air, and residue pollution produced by in- 

 dustry. Research, development, and demonstration 

 (RD&D) in this subprogram focuses on mining, 

 manufacturing, service, and trade industries with 

 activities that range in scope from extraction to 



1 80 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 



production of raw materials and processing of 

 materials into intermediate and consumer prod- 

 ucts. 



Research on water industrial processes supports 

 the "best available technology" (BAT) require- 

 ments of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act 

 (FWPCA) through development and demonstra- 

 tion of new or improved cost-effective technology 

 with industrywide applicability, short-term 

 achievability. and long-term viability. This re- 

 search provides primary data for establishing eco- 

 nomically and technically feasible effluent guide- 

 lines and treatment parameters for industrial liq- 

 uid-waste discharge permits. The research also 

 considers technology for preventing and control- 

 ling accidental spills of hazardous materials. 



Industrial processes water research will focus on 

 development and demonstration of technologies 

 for closed-cycle systems except when open-cycle 

 technology research is required for standards veri- 

 fication or closed-cycle is not feasible. Roughly 32 

 of the total 593 regulatory categories will be affect- 

 ed by the more viable technologies demonstrated. 



Hazardous incident research will continue on 

 control and minimization of spill damage and will 

 provide data for the new EPA spill regulations for 

 hazardous materials. 



Over the longer term, industrial processes water 

 research will continue to respond to technology 

 requirements of the FWPCA. Increased attention 

 will be directed to hazardous waste disposal and 

 demonstration of technology for specific critical 

 industrial sources. 



Research on air industrial processes supports the 

 technology requirements of the Clean Air Act 

 (CAA) through development and demonstration of 

 new or improved cost-effective technology with 

 industry-wide applicability, short-term achievabili- 

 ty, and long-term viability. These requirements 

 support implementation of ambient air quality 

 standards and the development of new source per- 

 formance standards (NSPS). 



Near-term air pollution control technology re- 

 search focuses on assessing the magnitude of prob- 

 lems and the state of the art for control of noncri- 

 teria and hazardous pollutants. Work has begun on 

 transferring technology for particulate control to 

 industry. The results of the assessment studies will 

 provide identification, characterization, and 

 prioritization of industrial sources of hazardous 

 pollutants. This information will permit develop- 

 ment of national strategies to control industrial air 

 pollution. 



Over the longer term, activities will continue to 

 characterize and assess air pollution problems 

 from industrial sources and identify available tech- 

 nology for pollution control and its economic im- 

 plication. This information will continue to be used 



