PART 1. LEAVES ALTERNATE, SIMPLE 



A, Leaves reduced to scales or none. 



B. Stems succulent, spiny — Cactus Family (Cactaceae), page 376. 

 BB. Stems with slender twigs bearing minute scale leaves 1 at a node — Tamarisk Family (Tamaricaceae;* Tamarix*). 

 AA. Leaves larger, with flat green blade. 



C. Leaves parallel-veined, stems unbranched (very slender branches in bamboo) . 



D. Leaves grasslike, divided into sheath and blade — Grass Family (Gramineae; Bamhusa*), page 32. 

 DD. Leaves palmlike, fan-shaped, very large, with long petiole — Palm Family (Palmae), page 34. 

 CO. Leaves with veins forming network or inconspicuous; stems becoming branched. 

 E. Sap or latex colored. 

 F. Sap whitish or milky. 



G. Stipules present (sometimes minute or shedding early, leaving scar) ; flowers unisexual. 



H. Female flowers with 2 or 1 style; nodes usually with rings — Mulberry Family (Moraceae), page 60. 

 HH. Female flowers with 3 styles; nodes without rings — Spurge Family (Euphorbiaceae), page 260. 

 GG. Stipules absent. 



L Leaves palmately lobed; flowers mostly unisexual — Papaya Family (Caricaceae;* Carica*), page 374. 

 II. Leaves not lobed; flowers bisexual. 



J. Corolla of 3-5 separate petals — Cashew Family (Anacardiaceae), page 28. 

 JJ. Corolla tubular, of united petals. 



K. Stamens opposite corolla lobes; fruit a berry, borne singly — Sapodilla Family (Sapotaceae), page 436. 

 KK. Stamens alternate with corolla lobes; fruits (drupes or follicles) usually paired, 2 from a flower — 

 Dogbane Family (Apocynaceae), page 460. 

 FF. Sap not whitish. 



L. Sap orange — Anatto Family (Bixaceae;* Bixa*), page 358. 

 LL. Sap reddish — Coccoloba uvifera, page 82. 

 EE. Sap watery. 



M. Nodes with rings. 

 N. Stipules present. 



O. Stipules forming sheath around twig — Buckwheat Family (Polygonaceae), page 76. 

 00. Stipules enclosing bud, soon shedding. 



P. Leaves pinnately veined, elliptic — Magnolia Family (Magnoliaceae; Magnolia), page 94. 

 PP. Leaves palmately veined, with 7-11 main veins from base, nearly round. 



Q. Leaves heart-shaped, not lobed — Mallow Family (Malvaceae; Hibiscus), page 326. 

 QQ. Leaves very large, umbrellalike, with 7-11 rounded lobes — Cecropia, page 66. 

 NN. Stipules absent — Piperaceae {Piper), page 50. 

 MM. Nodes without rings. 



R. Leaves in 2 rows along twig. 



S. Leaves with swelling where petiole joins blade — Elaeocarpus Family (Elaeocarpaeeae; Sloanea), page 324. 

 SS. Leaves without swelling on petiole. 



T. Stipules absent; flowers with many pistils often uniting to form 1 large many-seeded fruit — Annona 

 Family (Annonaceae), page 100. 

 TT. Stipules present (sometimes minute or shedding early, leaving scar) ; flowers with 1 pistil. 

 U. Flowers unisexual or mostly so, petals none. 



V. Leaves asymmetrical; styles 2; fruit 1-seeded — Elm Family (Ulmaceae; Celtis, Trenia), page 56. 

 VV. Leaves symmetrical ; styles 3 ; fruit a few-seeded capsule — Spurge Family (Euphorbiaceae) , page 260. 

 UU. Flowers bisexual; petals usually present. 



W. Petals 5, hood-shaped (sometimes none); stamens 5, opposite petals and often within; fruit 

 with 1-4 seeds — Buckthorn Family (Rhamnaceae), page 316. 

 WW. Petals 3-7, broad (sometimes none); stamens 5 to many; fruit with few to many seeds. 

 X. Style 1, ovary 1-celled — Flacourtia Family (Flacourtiaceae), page 364. 

 XX. Styles 5, ovary 5-celled — Chocolate Family (Sterculiaceae), page 338. 

 RR. Leaves in more than 2 rows along twig. 

 y. Leaves with minute gland dots. 

 Z. Leaves not aromatic. 



a. Gland dots both large and small — Myoporum Family (Myoporaceae; Bontia). 

 aa. Gland dots uniformly small — Myrsine Family (Myrsinaceae), page 430. 



ZZ. Leaves aromatic, with distinctive odor and taste when crushed. 



b. Flowers with numerous stamens but no corolla; odor and taste of eucalyptus — Eucalyptus,* page 398. 

 bb. Flowers with few stamens or if many, with petals. 



e. Stamens with anthers opening by' pores with lids; leaves mostly elliptic with side veins long and 

 curved; odor and taste of spices — Laurel Family (Lauraceae), page 110. 

 cc. Stamens with anthers splitting open lengthwise. 



d. Leaves with odor and taste of citrus; stamens large, separate — Rue Family (Rutaceae), page 218. 

 dd. Leaves with peppery, stinging taste; stamens minute, united into a tube — Canella Family 

 (Canellaceae; Canella), page 362. 

 YY. Leaves without minute gland dots. 



e. Stipules present (sometimes minute or shedding early, leaving scar). 



f. Stipule a pointed scale above petiole, persistent— Coca Family (Erythroxylaceae; Erythroxylori) , 

 page 210. 



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