PART 3. LEAVES OPPOSITE, SIMPLE 



A. Leaves reduced to scales or needles, opposite or whorled. 



B. Leaves consisting of minute scales 6-8 or more in a whorl on wiry green jointed twigs — ^Casuarina Family (Casu- 

 arinaceae;* Casuarina*) , page 48. 

 BB. Leaves of minute scales 2-3 at a node or long needles 2-5 in a bundle, resinous — Pine Family (Pinaceae;* Cupres- 

 sus,* Pinus*) . 

 AA. Leaves larger, with flat green blade, opposite or sometimes whorled. 

 C. Sap or latex colored. 

 D. Sap whitish or milk.v. 



E. Leaves 3-8 at a node, with petiole longer than the small, nearly round blade — Euphorhin, page 270. 



EE. Leaves 2-4 at a node, with short petiole and long- or short-pointed blade — Dogbane Family (Apocynaceae), 

 page 460. 

 DD. Sap not whitish. 



F. Sap yellow or orange (whitish in Calophi/llum) — Mangosteen Family (Guttiferae), page 348. 

 FF. Sap of young leaves reddish — Tectona,* page 484. 



CC. Sap watery. 



G. Stipules present (sometimes minute or shedding early, leaving scar). 

 H. Nodes with rings. 



I. Stipules forming sheath arounj:! twig or paired and persistent. 



J. Leaves toothed — Chloranthus Family (Chloranthaceae; Hedyosmum), page 52 

 JJ. Leaves not toothed — Madder Family (Rubiaceae), page 504. 



II. Stipules not forming sheath, single, shedding early — Mangrove Family (Rhizophoraceae; Cassipourea 



Rkizophora), page 384. 

 HH. Nodes without rings. 



K. Flowers small, inconspicuous. 



L. Petals 4 or 5, spreading; stamens alternate with petals — Bittersweet Family (Celastraceae). 

 LL. Petals 5 (sometimes none;, hood-shaped; stamens opposite petals and often within — Buckthorn Family 

 (Rhamnaceae), page 316. 

 KK. Flowers larger, often showy; petals fringed, with narrow stalk. 



M. Petals 5; fruit a drupe — Malpighia Family (Malpighiaceae), page 256. 

 MM. Petals mostly 6, sometimes 4 or 5; fruit a capsule — Loosestrife Family (Lythraceae; Ginoria, Lager- 

 siroemia*), page 382. 

 GG. Stipules absent. 



N. Leaves with 3-9 main veins from base, mostly eUiptic, side veins curved, many smaller veins straight and, 

 parallel — Melastome Family (Melastomataceae), page 418. 

 NN. Leaves with 1 main vein (midrib). 



O. Leaves coarsely toothed; flowers in a head — Composite Family (Gompositae; Clibadium, Eupatorium) , 

 page 526. 

 GO. Leaves not toothed or finely toothed; flowers not in heads. 

 P. Petioles with 2 glands near blade — Laguncularia, page 392. 

 PP. Petioles without glands. 

 Q. Ovary inferior. 



R. Stamens 10, petals 5 — Mouriri (Melastomataceae). 

 RR. Stamens numerous. 



S. Petals 4-5, rounded, mostly white; leaves with minute gland dots — Mvrtle Family (Myrtaceae), 

 page 396. 

 SS. Petals 5-7, large, rounded, wrinkled, stalked, scarlet or white — Pomegranate Family (Punicaceae;* 

 Punica*). 

 QQ. Ovary superior, stamens 10 or fewer, 



T. Corolla absent or of separate petals; flowers mostly unisexual. 

 U. Stamens 2-10, separate or united. 



V. Ovary exposed, 2-celled; corolla when present of 4 narrow white petals — Olive Family (Olea- 

 ceae), page 458. 

 VV. Ovary enclosed in calyx tube, 1-celled; corolla absent — Four-o'Clock Family (Nyctaginaceae), 

 page 88. 

 UU. Stamens 8, in 2 sets of 4, inserted in calyx tube — Mezereon Familv (Thvmeleaceae; Daphnopsis), 

 page 380. 

 TT. Corolla of united petals; flowers bisexual. 



W. Leaves with minute gland dots, aromatic, with citruslike odor when crushed — Ravenia (Rutaceae) . 

 WW. Leaves without gland dots, not aromatic. 



X. Flowers regular, with 5-lobed spreading, waxy, orange or white corolla; fruit a berry — Theo- 

 phrasta Family (Theophrastaceae; Jaquinia). 

 XX. Flowers irregular. 



Y. Corolla tube short; fruit a drupe or 1-4 nutlets — Verbena Family (Verbenaceae), page 476. 

 YY. Corolla tube long; fruit a capsule with winged seeds or a berry — Bignonia Family (Big- 

 noniaceae), page 490. 



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