Te Rangi Hiroa. — Maori Food-supplies of Lake Rotorua. 437 



bath of Hinemoa. It is said to have split before the fall of Mokoia to the 

 Ngapuhi under Hongi, thus giving ominous warning of impending disaster. 



Tumu. — As, however, the grounds were not too deep, the commonest 

 marks were posts called tumu. They served the double purpose of marking 

 the oround and for the fastening of one end of the tau of aha vine which 

 carried the fern bundles intended to trap the shelter-seeking koura and 

 toitoi. They also marked ownership, and hence were often named after 

 ancestors. The best woods to withstand the water were rewarewa (Knightia 

 excelsa) and kaponga {Cyathea dealbata). As most of the grounds were 

 marked in this manner, the number of tumu in the lake was very consider- 

 able, and served to mark the boundaries of the various subtribes and 

 families. They were especially numerous around Mokoia. The launches 

 and punts used for carrying sulphur up from Lake Rotoiti were responsible 

 for the disappearance of many. Such a plebeian fate befell Hinewhata, 

 famed for having given breathing-time to Hinemoa in her famous swim to 

 Mokoia, whither she was lured by her love for Tutanekai and guided by 

 the music of his koauau. 



Hinearanga marked the famous Kaiore ground already alluded to. 

 Te Taramoa was also the name of the tumu which marked the Taramoa 

 ground. Others were named Morewhati, Te Kopua-a-Tamakari, Te Moari 

 (still standing), and Hinerimu. 



Many tumu were carved, such as Te Roro o te Rangi, carved on the top 

 to represent a human figure. It may still be seen. Tu te Whaiwha is still 

 standing, but the part above water-level was knocked off. It is about 

 6 in. in diameter, and is surmounted by a modern sign. Rongomai was 

 carved, and originally stood near Mokoia, but it developed wandering 

 propensities (he tumu haere), and is looked upon as a taniwha. 



Between Waimihia ' and Ngongotaha once stood four tumu, named 

 Irohanga, Te Huka, Potangotango, and Te Kaea. The origin of these 

 names is interesting. In the genealogy given below the descendants of 

 Tamarangi went to Waikato, whilst those of Kaimataia remained at 

 Rotorua. 



Tamarangi Kaimataia 



Pukauae Te Roro-o-te-Ransji 



Irohanga Te Huka Potangotango Te Kaea. Te Waha-o-Poroaki 



Manawa. 



Te Kaea made an eel- weir in Waikato and named the paepae (one of 

 the beams) after Manawa. The news reached Manawa, and, not to be 

 outdone, he immediately named four tumu in the lake after Te Kaea and 

 his three brothers. 



The tumu against which the entrails of Kakara, wife of Ihenga, were 

 caught was called Hakaipuku. Some tumu were forked, to distinguish 

 them from others : such were Tapaeo and Nga-kuha-o-te-Hauwhenua. 



From the above it will be seen that the tumu in the lake were used like 

 surveyors' pegs in modern times : they marked off the parts of the lake 

 that belonged to the various families and subtribes. Undoubtedly more 

 of the lake was pegged off than the part in the immediate neighbourhood 



