8 Transactions. 



Children. To this meeting-place they come from all parts to frolic and 

 gambol on the broad heaving breast of the Ocean Maid. From the frigid 

 south comes Parawera-nui, from the blustering west hurries Tahu-makaka- 

 nui, from the east glides Tahu-mawake-nui, and from the fair north comes 

 the marangai, while from every intermediate point the younger Wind 

 Children troop forth to hold high revel on their great playground of 

 Mahora-nui-atea, illuminated by Tane-te-waiora, or by the Whanau 

 Marama, the Children of Light that gleam in cloudless skies when Tane 

 has departed. 



A list of the many personified forms of wind would be tedious, but some 

 of the more prominent ones were Rakamaomao, Titi-matangi-nui, Titi- 

 matakaka, and those given above. 



Tane is the personified form of trees, for a reason already explained, 

 and in this connection his name is Tane-mahuta — for Tane, like the old- 

 time gods of Babylonia, has many names, according to his activities or 

 manifestations. 



When engaged in his great search for the female element Tane took to 

 wife many beings, who produced trees. In many instances such beings 

 are viewed as the personified forms of such trees. Thus Mumuwhango 

 represents the totara, Te Puwhakahara the maire and puriri, Ruru-tangiakau 

 the ake, Rerenoa the rata and all parasitic and epiphytic plants, Hine- 

 waoriki the kahika and matai, Mangonui the tawa and hinau, Hine- 

 mahanga the tutu, Hine-rauamoa the kiokio fern, and so on. Puahou 

 represents the parapara, Poananga the clematis, while Hine-kaikomako we 

 already know in her character of fire-preserver for mankind. Toro-i-waho 

 represents all aha (climbing and creeping plants), Tauwhare-kiokio all tree- 

 ferns, . Putehue the gourd-plant, and Haumia the edible rhizome of the 

 bracken. 



Te Rara-taungarere seems to represent the fertility of trees and plants, 

 while Rehua was also connected with forests ; he is mentioned with Tane 

 in connection with forests (White's Ancient History of the Maori, vol. 1, 

 p. 145), and lehua was an old Hawaiian term for forest. 



Tane, under the name of Tane-mataahi, represents all birds, though 

 Punaweko is said to have been the origin and personification of forest-birds, 

 and Hurumanu the same in regard to sea-birds. One Tane-te-hokahoka 

 is also spoken of as one who brought birds into being ; probably this is 

 another name for the great Tane. Rupe personifies the pigeon. 



In addition to these major personifications, we have, as in the case of 

 trees, personified forms of different species of birds. Thus Terepunga and 

 Noho-tumutumu represent the kawau or cormorant, Parauri the tui, Hine- 

 karoro the seagull, Hine-tara the tern, Moe-tahuna the duck, Matuku the 

 bittern, Tu-mataika the kaka parrot, Koururu the owl, and others might 

 be given. 



In regard to fish, we have Tangaroa, who represents all fish. Tutara- 

 kauika represents whales. Puhi is the personified form of eels, Takaaho 

 of sharks. Te Arawaru represents shell-fish. 



Rakahore is the personified form of rock, and Rangahua seems to repre- 

 sent stones. These are the more important beings, but Hine-tuahoanga 

 represents all forms of sandstone, Hine-one all sand. Poutini personifies 

 greenstone in general, and is also a star-name. Hine-aotea, Hine-auhunga, 

 Hine-tangiwai, Hine-kahurangi, Hine-kawakawa, and Tauira-karapa repre- 

 sent different kinds of greenstone, while Whatuaho and Mataa represent 

 obsidian. These will suffice as illustrations. 



