Te Rangi Hiroa. — Maori Food-supplies of Lake Rotorua. 449 



Whakaangi. — When a special demonstration was desired the method of 

 dredging known as whakaangi was indulged in. In this it was necessary 

 that a breeze should be blowing across the dredging-ground. Big canoes, 

 preferably war-canoes, were dragged out, and the crew of fishers dressed 

 in their finest array. They paddled up against the wind to the edge of the 

 ground, and with dredge-rakes over the side drifted across the ground with 

 the wind. No turuturu was needed. It was here, with their numbers 

 and brave cloaks, that the tu karo, or sparring with the handle of the rake, 

 was especially indulged in. Old men say that with several canoes vying 

 with one another on the same ground it was a sight to stir the blood. 

 Kaiore was a good fishing-ground for the whakaangi method, as also was 

 Puha te Reka, belonging to Ngati-Whakaue. 



Carving. — Good dredge-rakes are carved at the kauae and at the upper 

 ends of the ascending arms. In some the mid-part of the ascending arms, 

 where the paepae is secured, is also carved. Such a rake is shown in 

 Museum Bulletin No. 1, fig. Lc. 



Name of Dredge-rake. — The name roukakahi that has been applied to 

 the wooden frame of the dredge-rake is wrong. The word rou as a verb 

 means " to reach or procure by means of a pole or stick." As a noun it 

 means "a long stick used for the purpose of reaching anything." These are 

 the meanings given in Williams's Dictionary, and these are the interpreta- 

 tions of the word as used with regard to the dredge-rake by the old men of 

 Rotorua. Rou, as a noun, is the name of the handle of the rake. Roukakahi, 

 as a verb, is the process of procuring kakahi by means of a pole, to which 

 incidentally the rake and net are attached. Williams gives as a second 

 meaning to the verb rou, " collect cockles or other shell-fish," and gives 

 as his example, kei te rou kakahi. " Collect " is certainly the result 

 obtained, but the true meaning of the example he gives is " procuring or 

 collecting kakahi by means of something connected with a pole." Pole 

 is involved in the word rou. The frame of the dredge-rake is not a 

 roukakahi, but a kapu or mangakino, as the Maori manufacturers state, 

 and the correction should be made in our records. From a consideration 

 of the meaning of the word rou we see that the paepae, or dredge-net, 

 could never be called a roukoura. There is not the excuse for making a 

 mistake as in the case of the dredge-rake, because the paepae was dragged 

 by a rope, and there was no pole, or rou, used in connection with it. The 

 hao, or toothless dredge-net, that Newman mentions as used in Lake 

 Taupo evidently had a handle. There might have been some ground 

 for calling this a roukoura, but there certainly was not as regards the 

 paepae. 



Mauri-oho-rere is the name of a rock within which Hatupatu, of ancient 

 fame, sought refuge. It is not now seen unless before some disaster, when 

 it is an ill omen, or aitua. If, whilst dredging for kakahi, pumice 

 (pungapunga) was displaced from the bottom and floated to the surface it 

 was looked upon as an ill omen. This particular genus of ill omen was 

 named after the rock of Hatupatu, Mauri-oho-rere. 



Food. 



The supplies having been secured by the methods described, a few 

 remarks about them as foods are necessary. 



To any one who enjoys the shell-fish of the salt water the kakahi is very 

 tasteless and insipid. This opinion seems to be shared by the present 



15— Trans. 



