Figure 1-2. National R&D Expenditures by Character of Work and Performer, 1953-76 



3.0 

 2.5 

 20 

 1.5 

 1.0 

 0.5 

 



5.0 



(Billions ol Dollars) 



BASIC RESEARCH 



Colleges and Universities (a) 



Other Nonprofit Institutions (a) 

 Federal Agencies 



,..•' | — Industry (a) 



"1 i i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 r 



'54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 70 72 74 76' 



(Billions ot Dollars) 



APPLIED RESEARCH 



4 



3.0 - 



2.0 - 



Industry (a) 



Colleges and Universities (a) 



20.0 

 180 

 16.0 

 14.0 

 12.0 

 10.0 

 80 

 6.0 



40 



2.0 







(Billions of Dollars) 



DEVELOPMENT 



/ 



Industry (a) 



./ 



/ 



y Colleges and Universities (a) 



' Federal Agencies 



Other Nonprofit Institutions (a) 



~i i I i i i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 — r~ 



'54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 70 72 74 76' 



•1975. 1976 estimated 



(a) Includes Associated Federally Funded Research and Development Centers 



Source National Science Foundation 



RESEARCH IN THE UNITED STATES 17 



