Stuckey. — A Revieiv of the New Zealand Actiniaria. 393 



Their colour is pellucid pale brown, like the colour of thin shavings of horn. 

 They are barred with white on the oral aspect. At the bases of the tentacles, 

 and sending points between them, is a zigzag circle of yellow, with a sug- 

 gestion of pink. The ectodermal and endodermal muscles are both well 

 developed, more especially the former. The nervous layer and the epi- 

 thelial layer are both thick. Outside the simple tentacles, and just on the 

 edge of the disc, is a single row of " compound " tentacles or " fronds," 

 48 in number, structures which McMurrich regards as differentiated acror- 

 hagi. These are white in colour and multilobed, each often having as many 

 as twenty lobes. They form a wide frill round the animal, giving it a fine 

 appearance when fully expanded. One of the lobes of each frond is con- 

 stantly pigmented with a pink spot or knob. The lobes of the fronds are 

 able to act as suckers. They are not sensitive to tactile stimuli. All the 

 elements of the body-wall enter into the composition of the fronds, except 

 the nervous layer of the ectoderm. 



Oral Disc. — The margin is raised, as is also the peristome, giving the disc 

 a concave form. The colour varies, yellow, crimson, and deep velvety 

 brown being the chief varieties. The edge of the mouth is generally lighter 

 in colour than the rest of the disc, and is ringed by a deposit of pigment. 

 There are also radiating lines of an orange colour, and there is a broken circle 

 of yellow round the bases of the tentacles, as already mentioned. There are 

 well-developed ectodermal muscles, but the endodermal muscles are weak. 

 On the under-side of the disc — that is, the roof of the coelenteron — are spaces 

 each of which encloses a developing ovum. These spaces are apparently 

 brood-pouches. 



Sphincter Muscle. — This is endodermal and circumscribed. In cross- 

 section it is heart-shaped. It is placed under the fronds. (Plate XXV, 

 %. 1.) 



StomodcBum. — There are 2 prominent siphonoglyphs, each marked ex- 

 ternally by a yellow tubercle with a pink top. The stomodfeum is grey in 

 colour, and shows the edges of the mesenteries. Cross-sections of the animal 

 show the siphonoglyphs to be deep and narrow. In addition, the stomo- 

 dseum is folded into 10 other grooves. The ectoderm is provided with a 

 large number of gland-cells. 



Mesenteries. — There are 48 pairs, two of them directives ; twelve pairs 

 reach the stomodseum. The muscles are strong, the " banners " occupying 

 the larger part of the mesentery. There is strong development of parietal 

 muscles. (Plate XXV, tig. 2.) 



Gonads. — In one specimen testes were seen on the imperfect mesenteries. 

 In another, ova were found, as described, in brood-pouches. These were the 

 only cases in which I saw sex-cells. 



Habits, &c. — The animal adheres strongly, the lower part of the column 

 often being placed in a chink of the rock. Its colour is protective, and, in 

 addition, its habit of covering itself with bits of stone and shell helps to 

 conceal it. The concave disc, also, is often covered with sand, so that 

 nothing shows but the mouth and tentacles. 



Dimensions. — Variable. The largest specimens are 6 cm. in diameter 

 and rather less in height. 



Distribution. — Of the genus — Delage and Herouard give " Cape Horn," 

 but this does not agree with McMurrich, who locates his species in the Ber- 

 mudas and " Station 2766, lat. 36° 47' S., long. 56° 23' W.," that is just 

 south of the Kio de la Plata. Of the species — Dunedin, Cook Strait. 



