264 Transactions. 



fowler is half-concealed by a rude shelter of branches or fronds of tree-ferns 

 erected near one of the uprights. He uses a striking-stick or rod, termed 

 a hauhau manu, to strike down the birds with. He makes a swift strike, 

 running the striker along the perch, thus knocking off any bird that happens 

 to be sitting on it. The blow is downward. The rod is usually a light, 

 slight mapau. 



The puaka : A 'puaka trap is made by making a sort of enclosure of an 

 oblong form, and several feet in length, by sticking a number of rods in the 

 ground in a vertical position. Small rods about 3 ft. in length are used. 

 In this fence-like structure four, six, or eight spaces are left for the birds 

 to enter by. In each space a loop snare is set. Before this trap was con- 

 structed, some food would be placed on the spot several times as bait, to 

 get the birds into the habit of coming to the place. The -pihere was also 

 taken in this manner. 



A stronger form of the above trap is used for taking hiivi, a tahiti like the 

 tahiti hiore being set at each entrance. 



The crop of a bird is called tenga. The same term is applied to goitre 

 in the genus homo. The crop of a porete is very prominent when full of food. 

 This crop is of a white colour inside, and of the usual rough surface. A 

 white sand, apparently of volcanic origin, deposits of which are common 

 in this district, is known by the name of tenga kaJiariki. It is said to 

 resemble the rough inner surface of a parrakeet's crop. 



" Kakariki e tunua, kakariki e otaina,'" is an old-time saying of the Maori. 

 It seems to have been quoted when food was being prepared in times of 

 serious danger. " Never mind if the food be underdone, let us eat it as 

 it is and get away out of danger." 



The porete was not a shy bird when in flocks, and was much easier to 

 take than some other species. 



Kakaruwai ; syn., Pihere. — See latter. 



Kaniana. — A water-bird. A Taupo name. Perhaps the same as Kaha. 



Kareke. — Rev. H. W. Williams gives this bird as the marsh-rail {Porzana 

 afpnis). As it is no longer found in this district I could not name it, but, 

 from the description given by Natives, judged it to be a rail. They state 

 that it Avas about the size of a 7noho-patatai, another rail. One Native told 

 me that kareke. tareke, and koutareke are all names for the one bird. Williams 

 gives the two latter as names for the New Zealand quail, for which see his 

 list in the " Journal of the Polynesian Society." The quail was at one time 

 very numerous in some parts, and was taken by means of a net. 



The kareke has long disappeared from these parts, but nearly all the 

 elder Natives say that it was a swamp-dwelling bird, and also a rnanu tohii. 

 It was a sign of good or bad luck to fowlers who heard the cry of this bird 

 on the right or left hand. 



One old Native states that the kareke and kareke were the same bird ; 

 that it frequented fern country ; that it was larger than the kukurutoki, 

 and had a different plumage. This sounds like quail. 



Kaivau (PhaJacrocorax carbo, P. varius, &c.). — Several kinds of shags 

 are known bv this name, of which koau is a variant form. (It is as well 

 to mention right here that I am cribbing all scientific names of birds from 

 the Rev. Williams's list, for which see the " Journal of the Polynesian 

 Society," vol. xv, page 193.) 



Papu or papua is another shag-name — a large river-haunting species. 

 The young of this bird were eaten by the Natives in former times. They 

 generally roost in large numbers on a dead tree situated on some steep hill_ 



