340 Transactions. 



In the northern part of the area the beds are best exposed in the 

 main stream of Broken River above the gorge, and in its tributary, 

 Murderer's Creek. In Broken River itself the beds are involved in 

 a syncline, its axis being about half-way between the mouth of Trout 

 Creek and the upper limestone gorge of the river (fig. 2). From this point 

 the sequence of beds following down-stream consists of green sandy beds with 

 shell fragments, greenish sands opposite the mouth of Trout Stream, sandy 

 clays at the mouth of the Hog's Back Creek, succeeded by light-coloured 

 sands and sandy clays, till the road-crossing is reached, where a bed 

 of lignite 2 ft. thick crosses the road. Lower still, greenish-grey sands 

 with broken-shell beds in its lower parts, then 50 ft. of sand and irregular 

 broken-shell beds, followed by 140 ft. of sands, about 80 ft. of sands and 

 shell beds, and 25 ft. of shelly bands more or less concretionary, the last- 

 named lying over the limestone without any sign of physical break. The 

 beds here strike N.N.W.-S.S.E. and have a westerly dip of about 20°, but 

 farther up the stream the dip is flatter and the strike more east and west. 

 Between the axis of the syncline and the upper limestone gorge the following 

 sequence occurs : greenish sands, sandy shales with lignite, greenish sands ; 

 the angle of dip rising from about 15° to nearly vertical as the fault is 

 approached and the beds abut against the faulted limestone. 



A similar sequence of beds is seen in Murderer's Creek to the east, 

 between the Natural Tunnel and Parapet Rock ; but the creek runs for 

 most of its length on or near the line of strike, so that few good sections 

 are seen. The coal bed which crosses Broken River and appears in the 

 Thomas, and between the two gorges of the Porter, is present, and forms 

 a part of the bank of the stream for some distance. At the two ends of 

 this section the beds are bent round so that they cross the stream nearly 

 at right angles, and at the upper crossing numbers of fragments of Struthio- 

 laria tuberculata were found, showing that this particular bed persists to 

 the north end of the basin. 



Beds of this horizon also occur in Coleridge Creek near its limestone 

 gorge. In a small tributary creek just below the gorge the following sequence 

 in descending order is found (fig. 5) : — 



Limestone, entirely out of place, as it resembles in lithological 

 character the lower bed of stone in Coleridge Creek — that is, 

 it is a fine-grained somewhat crystalline polyzoal stone. It is 

 apparently overlain by greywacke, and owes its position to being 

 pushed up from below along a fault-plane, so that it now overlies 

 the beds which are really higher in the sequence, and is itself 

 apparently overlain by Trias-Jura rocks. 

 Greensands and dark sandy shales interstratified, the beds being 

 repeated, and followed by sands, which pass down into sands 

 with concretionary bands and layers of shells, mostly in a frag- 

 mentary condition. These are succeeded in descending order by 

 brownish sands with shells, and bluish-green sands with shell 

 layers, lying on the upper layer of limestone conformably. 

 These beds are about 300 ft, thick ; they strike north-east and south- 

 west, and dip north-west 60°. The lower members of the sequence are 

 repeated in reverse order on going down Coleridge Creek, and the strike and 

 dip gradually change till the strike is approximately north -and-south and the 

 dip to the west at an angle of 30°. These beds lie conformably on limestone. 

 Both McKay and Hutton have insisted on the existence of an uncon- 

 formity above the lower limestone, but the evidence appears to me to be 

 unsatisfactorv. The former nowhere states definitely the reason why he 



