PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR(S ) : M. Delpoux, Horst Buecker, S. Fogel, M. Freeling, 



E. H. Graul, G. Horneck, A. R. Kranz, H. Planel, 

 W. Ruether, U. Scheidemann, C. Thomas, C. A. 

 Tobias, B. Toth, T. Yang, 0. C. Allkofer, R. 

 Beaujean, E. V. Benton, W. Enge, R. Facius, H. 

 Francois, W. Heinrich, D. Hildebrand, C. Jacquot, 

 R. Kaiser, J. P. Massue, E. Obst, D. D. Peterson, 

 R. Pfohl, G. Portal, G. Reitz, E. Schopper, M. 

 Schaefer, J. U. Schott, and G. Siegmon 



EXPERIMENT TITLE/NUMBER : BIOSTACK III 



PROGRAM/MISSION : Apollo-Soyuz Test Project 



CLASSIFICATION : Plant - Tobacco seeds ( Nicotiana tabaccum ) 



DISCIPLINE(S) : Radiobiology , Cell biology, Behavioral science 



OBJECTIVES : To study the influence of HZE particles on germination, growth 

 and development, and mutation induction. 



PROTOCO L: The BIOSTACK flight experiment was stored in the R-1 compartment of 

 the Apollo capsule where there was the least shielding from ambient radiation. 

 The specimens were arranged in monolayers, imbedded in polyvinyl alcohol, and 

 stacked between track detector sheets. Particle tracks were located in 

 relation to biological objects and the physical quantities of these particles 

 were determined. 



EQUIPMENT : Two cylindrical aluminum containers which enclosed a stack of 

 biological specimens and dosimeters. 



RESULTS : Results were unavailable (presumably no effect). 78 HZE hits scored 

 2,328 seeds. 



CONCLUSIONS : HZE-particle-induced damage might become manifest if 

 nonreplaceable cells were destroyed. In manned space flight, the primary 

 concern was the nervous sytem. However, the risk to man from HZE particles 

 during space flight can be sufficiently lowered if the maximum possible 

 shielding against HZE particle bombardment is ensured in the design and 

 construction of future space vehicles. 



PUBLICATIONS : 121, 122, 212 



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