1087 



in Western Europe, but he added : "We know indirectly that the great 

 German expansion has attracted engineers and scientists from the 

 Middle East." ^^^ Mr. Henderson supported this assertion with the 

 statei^ient that many foreign physicians and nurses "are known to be 

 practising'' in West Germany, though precise statistics were not avail- 

 able."« "Judging by the fact that some 962 of the 2,000 Turkish doctors 

 working abroad are in Germany . . . ," he said, "such numbers may 

 be large." i*o 



Apparently, West Germany has replenished some of its brain drain 

 losses from the thousands of foreign students who have gone there for 

 undergraduate and graduate work and upon completion of their 

 studies opted for permanent residency. The brain drain report of the' 

 U.N. Secretary General states : "Germany has become a major trainer 

 of students from developing countries. It has been suggested that 

 many of these students have sought permanent residence in the coun- 

 try and that some have succeeded." ^" According to the same report, 

 "numbers of students from developing countries are known to stay in 

 Germany as medical doctors.*' "- 



Statistics on the increasing number of foreign students studying in 

 West Germany are impressive. In 1965, West Germany had a])proxi- 

 mately. 31.000 foreign students, a substantial increase from the esti- 

 mated 100 in 1950.^^^ Conceivably, West Germany has a sizeable per- 

 centage of the 18,000 students from the Middle East who go to Europe 

 to study, two-thirds of whom are undergraduates and thus especially 

 vulnerable to nonreturn.^" In 1968-69,^221 students froui Lebanon 

 alone went to Germany for study. ^-^ Presumably it was such patterns 

 of migration that led Henderson to observe: "Xumbers of former 

 students from Near Eastern countries, of whom there are many m 

 Germany, have gone into private business," and thus, it could be con- 

 cluded, are lost for the development purposes of their own country. ^^'^ 

 Sketchy statistics on nonreturnee students, coupled with the judg- 

 ments of seasoned observers and the assumption of' a 20 per- 

 cent loss among foreign students, indicate that the loss may not be 

 insignificant to the LDCs who seek development as a national goaL^-'" 



138 Ibid. 



i3» Henderson, op. cit., p. 8. 



iioibid.. p. 39. 



"1 Report of U.N. Secretary General, Oiitfloic of Trained Personnel from LDCs, Nov. 5, 

 1968, p. 21. 



1*2 Ibid., p. 32. 



i«Ibid., p. 31. 



1" Zahlan, Science and Technology in Developing Countries, p. 306. 



i*5lTnited Nations. Economic and Social Council, Outflow of Trained Personnel from 

 Developing to Developed Countries, Report of the Secretary General, New York. June 9, 

 1970, p. 54. (Document E/4S20, 49th sess.) Hereafter cited as. "Report of U.N. Secretary 

 General, Outflow of Trained Personnel from Developing to Developed Countries, June 9, 

 1970." 



i*« Henderson, op. cit., p. 39. 



I*'' A unique deyelopnient in recent European migration has been the outward moyement 

 of Yugoslav workers. West European countries, especially West Germany, haye benefited 

 greatly by the outflow of Yugoslay workers. It is estimated that about 1,000.000 Yugoslay.s, 

 or 10 percent of the country's adult population, are employed abroad, mostly in West Ger- 

 many and other West European countries. So great has been the outflow of manpower that 

 Y'ugoslavla drafted legislation to bring the moyement under tight control. Restrictions were 

 expected to affect engineers, and similar experts, skilled workers, and men of military age. 

 Though Yugoslayi.a's balance of payments has improved with the nearly $1 billion a year 

 sent home by the Yugoslav workers, still the social and political costs have prompted legisla- 

 tive action. The problem of how to employ the workers abroad in Yugoslavia remains, how- 

 ever. In May 1973, for example, about 400.000 people were looklns: for emplo.vnient. (Ray- 

 mond H. Anderson. "Belgrade to Curb Worker Outflow/' The 2,'ew York Times, June 3, 1973, 

 p. 5.) 



