1369 



The growth of the staff of the State science office is indicated by 

 the growth in its appropriations: from $558,430 in 1965 to $933,782 in 

 1970, to an estimated $2,439,400 in 1975 (all fiscal years).'* By Febru- 

 ary 5, 1975, the Washington staff numbered 98, as compared with 

 about 40-odd in 1965. The question is worth exploring as to how 

 many people are needed to manage the science and technology aspects 

 of U.S. foreign policy in the Department of State. If the Bureau is 

 expected to continue to conduct both policy anal3^ses and international 

 operations it would appear to be seriously undermanned, in view of the 

 expanding requirements on it. If it can divest itself of operational 

 responsibilities, these would need to be provided for somewhere else, 

 but the Bureau could manage without expansion, or even contract 

 somewhat if (a) heavy emphasis was placed on high quality profes- 

 sional personnel, and (b) great restraint was exercised in the selection 

 of issues for analysis. 



Organization of the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental 

 and Scientific- A;ff airs 



A new page in the story of science in the State Department was 

 written by the Congress in 1973. Two legislative proposals had been 

 introduced in the first session of the 93d Congress, one by Senator 

 Claiborne Pell to create a "Bureau of Oceans" and anotlicr by Senator 

 Howard Baker to create a "Bureau of International Environmental 

 Matters." During hearings in the Foreign Relations Committee on 

 H.R. 7645, Department of State Appropriations Act of 1973, it was 

 agreed that both measures should be combined into a general action : 

 to create wit'.iin the Department a "Bureau of Oceans and Interna- 

 tional Environmental and Scientific Affairs" (OES), headed by an 

 Assistant Secretary responsible for "matters relating to oceans, 

 environmental, scientific, fisheries, wildlife, and conservation affairs." '''' 

 The new bureau, it was understood, would incorporate the functions 

 of SCI. 



A State Department directive circular dated October 8, 1974, 

 announced that the change specified in the 1973 law would become 

 effective October 14, and that the scope of the new bureau would 

 include matters relating to international scientific, technological, 

 environmental, weather, oceans, atmosphere, fisheries, wildlife, con- 

 servation, health, population, and related subjects. In addition, the 

 scope of its "technological matters" was to include "atomic energy 

 and energy related research and development, space technology, and 

 other advanced technological developments, except those which are 

 primarily defense related." All personnel and functions of SCI, and 

 the other two offices,'* were transferred to the new Bureau. 



'< For 1965 figure see U.S. Congress, House, Committee on Appropriations, Departments of SWe. Justice, 

 Commerce, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies, Appropriations for 1967. Hearings, 8'Jth Cong., 2d sess., 1966, 

 p. 41. 



For 1970 figure see U.S. Congress, House, Committee on Appropriations. Departments of State, Justice, 

 Commerce, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies, Appropriations for 1972. Hearings, 92d Coug., 1st sess., 1971, 

 p. 42. 



For 1975 figure see U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Appropriations, State, Justice, Commerce, the 

 Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations, Fiscal Year 1976, part 2. Hearings, 93d Cong., 2d sess., 1974, 

 p. 1486. 



" U.S. Congress, House, Conference Report, Eeport no. 93-367, July 10, 1973, text appears p. 3, and expla- 

 nation p. 13. The Act was approved as Public Law 93-126, October 18, 1973. 



■6 These were the Office of the Special Assistant to the Secretary for Fisheries and Wildlife and Coordinator 

 of Ocean Affairs (S/FW-COA) and the Office of the Special Assistant to tlie Secretary for Population 

 Matters (S/PM). 



