850 



to general health services. Fifth, population activities need to be con- 

 sidered in the broader context of total development planning, rather 

 than simply as elements of health and family planning programs, 

 "since birth rate declines depend on the development process itself as 

 well as on the availability of family planning services." On this 

 point aid's evaluation is consistent with prevailing opinion among 

 development experts. 



In the light of these conclusions, it was suggested that expansion 

 of AID-assisted programs to reduce LDC birth rates will depend on 

 action on three related fronts: (1) greater and more effective use of 

 currently available contraceptive techniques; (2) research and experi- 

 mentation with new and relatively untried contraceptive techniques 

 and the means of delivering them; and (3) research and experimenta- 

 tion on accelerating the integration of family planning with the con- 

 tinuing process of social, cultural, and economic change.^*^ 



Besides subjecting to analysis its overall performance in the field 

 of family planning and population, AID supports projects which 

 evaluate its work in this field in specific countries, including quantita- 

 tive projections designed to predict how changes in fertility rates 

 will affect various aspects of economic development. A model to test 

 cost-effectiveness of family planning programs has been developed 

 in a contract with Pennsylvania State University. Broadened by AID 

 and programmed for computer execution, some of the series generated 

 by it are shown in Table 8 below : 



TABLE 8.-SELECTED MEASURES OF FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAM PERFORMANCE* 



