910 



TABLE 6.— RECOMMENDED RESEARCH AWARDS, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES, 

 EUROPE AND OTHER AREAS, SENIOR FULBRIGHT-HAYS PROGRAM 



1970 to 1971. 

 1969 to 1970. 

 1968 to 1969. 

 1967 to 1968. 

 1966 to 1967. 



Source: Figures taken from table 3 above. 



The U.S. Advisory Commission on International Educational and 

 Cultural Affairs has repeatedly expressed concern about the adverse 

 impacts of retrenchment on educational and cultural exchange and 

 the Fulbright-Hays program. A detailed review of the Commission's 

 reactions to these cuts was included in its Sixth Annual Report to the 

 Congress (1969). "... The program [according to the Commission] 

 has been . , . tremendously successful and is an important and 

 significant element of American foreign relations. [However] through- 

 out [our] studies . . . the theme of fiscal starvation recurs." ^* These 

 cuts in the program, according to the Commission, have been un- 

 warranted. Specifically: 



[There is] a 67 percent cut in the number of American grantees going overseas. 

 This cut appears to have been made on the false premise that somehow the Ful- 

 bright-Hays programs and the sending of American scholars, professors, teachers, 

 students, and specialists overseas . . . contributes to the serious balance-of- 

 payments problem facing the United States. . . . Such considerations should 

 not have entered into the budget .... No travel restrictions ... on the U.S. 

 citizen, nor any travel tax eventuated from [deliberations on the balance of pay- 

 ments problem]. *s 



In addition, cuts in these programs weaken the binationalism 

 underpinning the concepts and objectives of the Fulbright-Hays 

 program : 



. . . One more particular cause for worry . . . has to do with the blow to 

 . . . binationalism which has characterized the academic exchange programs 

 since 1946. That many governments have so believed in the program that they 

 have entered into cost-sharing agreements with this Government in order to 

 keep the program going as our supply of foreign currencies decreases is evidence of 

 a faith in educational exchanges which we must not betray by eliminating even 

 some of them unilaterally.** 



Another of the more immediate impacts of retrenchment is the 

 adverse effect of the cut on compensation for grantees. Young ex- 

 plains the problem in these terms : 



The changes in the purposes and roles of the Fulbright exchanges were not 

 accompanied ... by commensurate changes in the terms and conditions of the 

 grants. In the early days of the program, if a Fulbright stipend failed to cover all 

 the grantee's necessary expenses, it was nevertheless welcomed by a scholar 

 eager to increase his professional skills and research production. As the awards 

 came to offer less in the way of a professional opportunity and to require more in 

 the way of a professional service, both the limited stipends and the predetermined 

 assignments became less attractive to well-qualified scholars. ^^ 



^ Sixth Annual Report, op. cit., pp. 20-66. 



M Idem. 



M Idem; 



"Young, op. cit., p. 123. 



