1457 



(f) conduct periodic reviews of the security, political, and economic 

 implications of U.S. foreign bases, including the sharing of bases and costs 

 with our allies. 



(4) Request the Office of Management and Budget to prepare foreign expendi- 

 ture budgets in terms of balance of payment implications. 



(5) Enact legislation to require the Central Intelligence Agency and the intelli- 

 gence staffs of other executive departments and agencies to report their relevant 

 studies and intelligence assessments to appropriate congressional committees in 

 executive session and to qualified staff members. 



(6) Hold hearings on the various efforts of all government agencies and depart- 

 ments involved in the development of programs dealing with the protection of 

 the international environment and natural resources. 



(7) Encourage by every means possible pubhc discussion of foreign policy 

 questions.^"" 



As extensive as these recommendations were, an observation by one of 

 the first witnesses ki the hearing, Professor Robert A. Scalapino of 

 University of California at Berkeley, suggested the need for still 

 further congressional inquiry and action. He said in his prepared 

 statement: 



No current body, however, exists which by virtue of its structure and personnel 

 can address itself systematically and regularly to the most fundamental issues 

 concerning foreign policy objectives and strategy in such a fashion as to involve 

 the Congress and the public as well as the national administration. In my opinion, 

 it is time to give this matter the most serious consideration.^"! 



DIPLOMATIC USES AND EFFECTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 



A 10-year sequence of studies of the components and consequences 

 of science and technology policy culminated in 1975 in the offering 

 of a legislative proposal for a national policy and implementing 

 institutions in this area. Explicit attention was given to the diplomatic 

 aspects of this policy. The investigation was conducted by the House 

 Committee on Science and Astronautics, and began with two contract 

 studies by the National Academy of Sciences into Basic Research and 

 National Goals (contracted for in 1963 and reported in March 1965) 

 and Applied Science and Technological Progress (reported in May 

 1967). The first of these studies led to the adoption of its theme for the 

 seventh annual meeting of the committee's Advisory Panel on Science 

 and Technology.^*'- The keynote address at this 3-day seminar, 

 by Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey, strongly accented the inter- 

 national aspects of science and technology, as did the prepared remarks 

 of Lord Snow of the United Kingdom Ministry of Technology, Dr. 

 Roger Revelle, director of the Harvard University Center of Popu- 

 lation Studies, and others. 



The following year (January 24-26, 1967) the Panel took up the 

 topic of "Government, Science, and International Policy." Dean 

 Rusk, Secretary of State, in his keynote address described in detail 

 the attention being given in his Department to science policy and 

 declared: 



The political significance of strong national programs in science and technology 

 expands steadily. PoUtical-scientific areas such as disarmament, nuclear safe- 



200 U.S. Congress, House, Committee on Foreign Affairs, National Security Policy and Scientific De- 

 velopment Subcommittee, National Security Policy and the Changing World Power Alignment, Report, 

 92d Cong., 2d sess., October 25, 1972, p. 20. (Committee print.) 



2<" Hearing-Symposium, House Foreign Aflalrs Committee, National Security Policy, May 24, 1972, p. 22. 



202 U.S. Congress, House, Committee on Science and Astronautics, Government, Science, and Public 

 Policy, proceedings before the Committee of the Panel on Science and Technology, Seventh Meeting, 

 January 25-27, 1966, 198 p. 



