1462 



raw materials, food, and energj', while maintaining a proper balance, in tlie de- 

 velopment and export of technology, between aid to lagging foreign economies and 

 maintenance of an equitable balance in world trade; 



and 



Iteni (5) : The encouragement of pcrson-to-person and other interchange of 

 scientific information in the national and the world scientific communities. 



In introducing the measure, Representative Teague described it as 

 "a product of the most tliorough congressional scrutin}" yet accorded 

 to the focused issue of pohc}^ and planning by the Federal Govern- 

 ment as to its OA\Ti role in handling science and technology." Even so, 

 it was not "cast in concrete" but was "offered for discussion and 

 critique." He expected, he said, the measure to be the subject of further 

 hearings during the 94th Congress."*' The bill was referred jointly to 

 the Committees on Science and Technology and Government 

 Operations. 



Broad Congressional Interest in Science, Technology, and American 

 Diplomacy ^'^^ 



An interest in both international affairs and science and tech- 

 nology—approached from differing vantage points— is evidenced by 

 both the Committee on International Relations (formerly Foreign 

 Affairs) ^^^ and the Committee on Science and Technology (formerly 

 Science and Astronautics), as well as by the Senate- Committee on 

 Foreign Relations. Both House and Senate Committees on Appropria- 

 tions, both Armed Services Committees, and the Senate Committee on 

 Aeronautical and Space Sciences, also are concerned with these com- 

 bined topics. Other committees with at least some actual or potential 

 interest in these matters might include: the Senate Committees on 

 Banking, Commerce, Finance, Government Operations, and Judi- 

 ciary; the House Committees on Banking, Government Operations, 

 Judiciary, Mei chant Marine and Fisheries, and Ways and Means. 



Other committees might also conceivably develop interests that 

 relate to these combined fields of interest. More to the point, the 

 basic structure of the U.S. resources, econoni}', educational systems, 

 culture, and society are all germane to the U.S. diplomatic posture. 

 U.S. science and technology have bearing on the strength of this basic 

 structure. Just as the Department of State has a legitimate interest 

 in domestic science and technology as the basis of U.S. world influence, 

 so also do committees of Congress with diplomatic concerns have a 

 potential interest in the contributions of science and technology to 

 their subject matter. Thus a further question arises as to the actual 

 and potential role of the Department of State in providing information 

 to the Congress about the external world in its relation to these con- 

 tributions and their significance to the United States. 



On this subject, U. Alexis Johnson, Under Secretary of State for 

 Political Affairs, told the Subcommittee on National Security Policy 

 and Scientific Developments that "our national interest is in the 

 international environment" and that technology had outrun the 



220 U.S. Congress, House, Congressional Record, 94th Cong., 1st sess., 1975, 121, p. 1432-1435. (Daily edition.) 



22' A list of principal Committees having diplomatic interests was supplied by the Foreign Affairs Division, 



and a list of principal Committees having science and technology interests was supplied by Mauree Ayton 



of the Science Policy Research Division; the conunenlary in this section concerns committees that appear 



on both lists. 



222 Tlie new name became effective March 19, 1975. 



