Number Page 



Cummins & Mattingly 



1 - Schematic representation of an ecosystem, characterized by 



balances in all aspects, not by any one in particular 59 



2 - Diagrammatic representation of potential interrelationships 



between species in two communities 60 



3 - General illustration of major cycles of the biosphere, which depend 



on utilization of solar energy 63 



4 - The Pass of Faido (a) as sketched by John Ruskin, and (b) as 



reproduced in etched outline by Ruskin from a drawing by Joseph 

 Turner 69 



5 - Predominating areas of concern in ecological problems with which 



an applied ecologist might have to deal include the above 



disciplines 70 



H oiling 



1 - Sequence of activities required in analyzing resource systems and 



devising policies for management 79 



Patten 



1 - Northern Gulf of Mexico regional ecosystem Nekton submodel 

 (compartments 1-7), with coupling to Plankton (8), Benthos (9), 

 and Organic Complex (environment) submodels 94 



Larson 



1 - A schematic representation of 6 types of freshwater marsh 



environments, and their hydrologic regime 109 



2 - A cross-section of a typical lacustrine (lake-side) wetland 109 



3 - Effect of wetlands on stream flow following a rainstorm 110 



4 - A conceptual input-output model for a lakeshore wetland 112 



5 - Basic hydrologic characteristics of wetland sites 114 



Stalnaker 



1 - Legal and institutional events which contributed to increased 



interest in instream flow 1 22 



2 - Simplified schematic of the logic train and module linkage used in 



applying the Incremental method 130 



3 - Conceptualization of simulated stream reach 134 



Mount 



1 - A modern aquatic toxicity testing system for hazardous 



materials 144 



Gillett 



1 - The system of Metcalf and coworkers mimicking a "farm pond" is 



used to estimate bioaccumulation potential and biodegradation ... 154 



2 - The "terrestrial monoculture" system of Metcalf and coworkers 



employs a crop grown in soil or vermiculite in a 19-1. carboy and 

 additions of slugs, insects, and a Prairie vole (Microtus 



ochregaster) 157 



vii 



