demand for scientists and engineers by industries supplying the 

 energy sector.) 



The demand for scientists in programs funded by the private 

 sector is expected to increase to 61,000 in 1980 and to 83,000 in 1985, 

 up from 40,000 in 1970. The largest increases between 1970-85 are 

 expected for physicists (from 8,000 in 1970 to 22,800 in 1985), 

 chemists (from 13,200 to 27,800), and mathematicians (from 7,500 to 

 13,900). The ". . .larger numbers of physicists and chemists [and 

 mathematicians] will be required in the production of energy because 

 of the increase in nuclear power plants;. . ."'^ 



The requirement for engineers is expected to rise to 169,000 in 

 1980 and to 225,000 in 1985, as compared with 101,000 in 1970. 

 Among engineers, the largest demand in 1985 is expected to be for 

 electrical engineers (65,500 versus 25,600 in 1970), chemical engineers 

 (51,500 versus 33,600), and mechanical (30,500 versus 8,000). These 

 increases ". . .reflect changes in the energy production technologies in 

 general and the rapid increase in the nuclear power generating units in 

 particular. "4 



The future supply of scientists and engineers may be inadequate 

 to meet the demands associated with increasing domestic energy 

 production. However, the "supply situation will become considerably 

 worse beyond the mid 1970's if current trends continue toward an 

 overall decrease in the number of graduating physical scientists and 

 engineers." "This already bleak future supply/demand relationship 

 for the scientists and engineers. . .is further complicated by the fact 

 that, in most cases, experienced scientists and engineers and/or those 

 with skills beyond the bachelor's degree are needed."'' 



♦ The Demand for Scientific and Technical Manpower in Selected Energy-Related Industries, 1970- 

 85: A Methodology Applied to a Selected Scenario of Energy Output. A Summary, National Planning 

 Association, September 1974. 



47 



