ecosystems for the benefit of all mankind; and also expresses the 

 conviction that there is a need to prevent or minimize 

 environmental impacts resulting from the increasing number of 

 scientific stations and expeditions in Antarctica and that this 

 can be accomplished though the establishment of international 

 stations devoted to scientific investigations of global 

 significance and regulated by stringent environmental safeguards. 



The Marine Mammal Commission believes that the Antarctic 

 Treaty and the related agreements that form the Antarctic Treaty 

 system provide the necessary basis for protecting and conserving 

 marine mammals and their habitat in the Southern Ocean. In 1990, 

 the Commission will continue to work with the Department of 

 State, the National Science Foundation, the National Oceanic and 

 Atmospheric Administration, the National Marine Fisheries 

 Service, and other Federal agencies to help improve and implement 

 the Antarctic Treaty system. In this regard, the Commission will 

 pay particular attention to evaluating the system in preparation 

 for the Special Consultative Meeting to be held in 1990. 



Convention on International Trade 

 in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) 



The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species 

 of Wild Fauna and Flora, which entered into force in 1975, 

 provides an international framework for regulating trade in 

 animals and plants that are or may become threatened with 

 extinction. There are 103 Parties to the Convention, including 

 the United States. 



The extent of trade control depends upon the extent to which 

 a species is endangered which, in turn, is reflected by its 

 inclusion on one of three Appendices to the Convention. Species 

 included under Appendix I are those considered to be threatened 

 with extinction; they also are or may be affected by trade. 

 Species on Appendix II are not necessarily threatened with 

 extinction, but may become so unless trade in them is strictly 

 controlled. Species also may be included on Appendix II if they 

 are similar in appearance to those that may be threatened. 

 Appendix III includes species that any Party identifies as being 

 subject to regulation within its jurisdiction for the purpose of 

 preventing or restricting exploitation and for which the Party 

 needs the cooperation of other Parties to control trade. 

 Additions or deletions of species listed on Appendices I and II 

 can be made by agreement of the Parties and, in the case of 

 Appendix III, by individual Parties. 



Parties to the Convention meet biennially to consider, among 

 other things, changes to the lists of species in the Appendices. 

 The Seventh Conference of Parties to the Convention was held on 

 9-20 October 1989 in Lausanne, Switzerland. The Fish and 



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