on the seasonal distribution of the insects is limited to summer and 

 fall, the seasons during which the study was conducted. B.W.) 



Keywords: insects, salt marshes, vascular plants, zonation, California 



E. Fiddler Crabs, Marine Invertebrates, and Ecads 



V-E-1 



Teal, J.M. 1958. Distribution of fiddler crabs in Georgia salt marshes. 

 Ecology 39:185-193. 



Factors controlling the distribution of certain species of fiddler 

 crabs, Uca minax , U. pugilator and U. pugnax , were studied in the Georgia 

 salt marshes. The salt marsh is described and divided into two types: 

 the Spartina marshes (tall Spartina edge marsh, medium Spartina levee 

 marsh, short Spartina low marsh, short Spartina high marsh, and 

 Salicornia-Oistichlis marsh) and Juncus marsh. Sampling showed that 

 the U. minax is found in certain parts of the short Spartina high 

 marsh; U. pugilator is found on the tidal creek banks and in the 

 Salicornia-Distichlis marsh; U. pugnax is found in all but the edge 

 marsh, but is numerous only in the medium and short Spartina marshes. 



Feeding experiments showed that the crabs could live on bacteria or 

 fermented marsh grass mixed with mud or sand. This food is widely 

 distributed in the marsh and is not, therefore, a factor in crab 

 distribution. (L.H.) 



Keywords: fiddler crabs, salt marshes, Georgia 



V-E-2 



Kerwin, J. A. 1971. Distribution of the fiddler crab ( Uca minax ) in 



relation to marsh plants within a Virginia estuary. Chesapeake Science 



12:180-183. 



The distribution and abundance of the red-jointed fiddler crab, 

 Uca minax , was related to the distribution of marsh plants within a 

 Virginia estuary. The crab was found in association with 15 species 

 of marsh phanerogams, occurring with five plant species more than 20 

 percent of the time. These plants were Spartina alterni flora , Scirpus 

 robustus , Distichlis spicata , Spartina patens , and Spartina cynosuroides 



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