the temperate zone, rising to nearly 40 m.t./ha. by tropical coral 



reefs. Algae cultivated in sewage can produce up to 45 m.t./ha., and 



algae cultivated in mineral media, with carbon dioxide supplied artificially, 



may produce even more. Comparative data on productivity and biomass 



are provided for phytoplankton, seaweed, algae, and grasses. (Author's summary) 



Keywords: productivity, biomass, phytoplankton, algae, marine plants 



:i-A-2 



)ooper, J. P., ed. 1975. Photosynthesis and productivity in different 

 environments. Cambridge University Press, London. 715 pp. 



This book is the latest and most comprehensive work on productivity 

 in different environments, including the aquatic environment. It was 

 published under the auspices of the International Biological Programme, 

 which was established by the International Council of Scientific 

 Unions in 1964 as a counterpart of the International Geophysical 

 Year. The subject of the International Biological Programme, which 

 ended in June 1974, was "The Biological Basis of Productivity and Human 

 Welfare." The programme brought together scholars from all over the 

 world to promote basic knowledge relevant to the needs of man and 

 produced a series of volumes. Photosynthesis and Productivity in 

 Different Environments is the third volume in the series. It contains 

 sections on primary production in terrestrial ecosystems, primary pro- 

 duction in aquatic ecosystems, distribution of radiant energy, photo- 

 synthetic activity of individual plants, use of assimilates, influence 

 of stress factors, actual and potential production, and conclusions. 

 The section on primary production in aquatic ecosystems contains five 

 chapters. Two of these are abstracted elsewhere in this bibliography. 

 (See II-A-3 and II-A-4.) (J.B.) 



Keywords: general, productivity, aquatic ecosystems 



II-A-3 



^ann, K.H., and A.R.O. Chapman. 1975. Primary production of marine 

 macrophytes. Pages 207-225 j_n J. P. Cooper, ed.. Photosynthesis and 

 productivity in different environments. Cambridge University Press, London. 



Areas of extremely high primary productivity are found within a 

 comparatively narrow zone at the edge of the sea. In some instances, 

 the rate of production is comparable with that of tropical rain forests. 

 The plant forms of the littoral zone are varied, including seaweeds, 

 sea grasses, marsh grasses, and mangroves. The highest rates of produc- 

 tivity are found in the brown algae, Laminaria and Macrocystis , which 

 live subtidally on temperate and subarctic rocky shores, and achieve 

 annual net production in the range 1000-2000 gCm"^. Marsh grasses 



28 



