V-C-12 



Johnston, R.F., and R.L. Rudd. 1957. Breeding of the salt marsh 

 shrew. Journal of Mammalogy 38:157-163. 



Salt marsh shrews ( Sorex vagrans halicoetes ) are common inhabitants 

 of the San Francisco Bay salt marshes in California. Their numbers 

 in favorable marshes form perhaps 10 percent of the mammalian fauna 

 present, the rest of which is chiefly composed of Microtus californicus , 

 Rattus norvegicus , Mus musculus , and Reithrodontomys raviventris , 

 all of which are more abundant than shrews. Field work was done from 

 1949 to 1955 in all of the San Francisco Bay marshes inhabited by 

 salt marsh shrews. Shrews inhabit those parts of salt marshes that_ 

 offer dense cover, an abundance of invertebrate animals as food, suit- 

 able nesting and resting sites, and fairly continuous ground moisture. 



The shrew habitat is found on the medium high marsh about 6 to 8 feet 

 above sea level; the habitat extends to lower marsh areas not regularly 

 flooded by tidewater. Suitable areas within this expanse of marsh 

 characteristically have an abundance of stranded driftwood and other 

 detritus scattered in Salicornia , which ordinarily reaches one to two 

 feet in height. Under these pieces of wood, moisture is retained 

 fairly well into the autumnal dry period, and amphipods, isopods and 

 other invertebrates are common in most seasons of the year. Nesting 

 and resting cover for shrews is provided by the same driftwood and 

 plant material. The latter includes the living Salicornia , but 

 equally important is the dead material left by tidewater; most of 

 this is Spartina duff. The higher marsh, 8 to 9 feet in elevation, is 

 dry and has minimal cover and few or no shrews. The lower Spartina 

 zone, subject to daily floods and lacking heavy cover, is devoid of 

 shrews. (J.B.) 



Keywords: salt marsh shrews, high salt marshes, detritus, 

 Francisco Bay 



V-C-13 



Loveless, CM. 1959. Everglades deer herd life history and management. 



Florida Game, and Fresh Water Fish Commission Technical Report No. 6. 



104 pp. 



Studies were initiated in June 1955 to acquire a knowledge of the 

 ecology of Everglades deer. The results of the studies serve as a 

 basis for management and permit authoritative recommendations concerning 

 establishment of water level regulations compatible with deer populations. 

 Everglades deer ( Odocoileus virginianus seminolus Golfman and 

 Kellogg) occupy a range that encompasses approximately 2,000 square 

 miles of seasonally flooded fresh water marsh located in southeastern 

 peninsula Florida. 



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