Riprap 



Backfill to Original 

 Bed 



•Thickness Depends on Potential 

 for Scour 



Figure C-6. Schematic showing cross section of toe protection configurations: 

 a) extension of the riprap below the dry bed and backfilling, and b) place- 

 ment of extra material along the bed to launch itself into developing scour 

 holes. 



REFERENCES 



California Division of Highways. I960. Bank and Shore Protection in 



California Highway Practice. Sacramento: Documents Section, State of 

 Ca I i f or n i a . 



Karaki, S., K. Mahmood, E. V. Richardson, D. B. Simons, and M. A. Stevens. 

 1974. Highways in the River Environment, Hydraulic and Environmental 

 Design Considerations. Prepared for the U. S. Federal Highway Adminis- 

 tration. 



Neill, C. R., ed. 1975. Guide to Bridge Hydraulics. Published for Roads and 

 Transportation Association of Canada, by Univ. of Toronto Press. 191 pp. 



U. S. Corps of Engineers. 1970. Hydraulic Design of Flood Control Channels, 

 Engineering and Design. Manual No. EM- I I 10-2- I 60 I . 



Winkley, B. R. 1971. Practical Aspects of River Regulation and Control, 



In: River Mechanics, Vol. I. Hsien Wen Shen, ed. , Prof, of Civil Eng., 

 Colorado State University. 



126 



