CANVASBACK 

 ( Aythya valisineria ) 



[FR: Milouin aux yeux rouges, GE: Riesentafelente , JA: 0- hoshi-ha jiro , SP: Pato 

 lorao cruzada] 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION 



North America The primary breeding range of the Canvasback in North Amer- 

 ica extends in the west from northwestern and central Alaska south through cen- 

 tral and eastern British Columbia to southern British Columbia, and south from 

 northwestern and southeastern Alberta to northeastern Montana, central South 

 Dakota, northeastern Nebraska, and northwestern Iowa. To the east the regular 

 breeding range includes the northern Yukon, eastern Northwest Territories, 

 northwestern and southern Saskatchewan, and southern Manitoba south through 

 western Minnesota (Palmer 1976b). 



Outside the main breeding range Canvasbacks breed at scattered localities 

 apparently because of destruction and drainage of requisite marsh nesting hab- 

 itat (Johnsgard 1975). To the south and west they breed in Washington, south- 

 ern Oregon, at Tule Lake in California, in southern Idaho, southern Nevada, 

 northern Utah, northern Arizona, Wyoming, and northern Colorado. To the south 

 and east breeding has been reported from Kansas, Ontario, Wisconsin, on the 

 Montezuma marshes of New York, and at least once in Illinois (Johnsgard 1975, 

 Bellrose 1976, Palmer 1976b). 



The winter range of the Canvasback partially overlaps the breeding range 

 and large numbers winter both inland and along the coast (Palmer 1976b). In 

 western North America the primary winter range extends from southwestern coast- 

 al British Columbia south along the coasts of Oregon and Washington to northern 

 Baja California and south inland from north-central California to northeastern 

 Baja California, southeastern New Mexico, and northwestern Sonora. In eastern 

 North America the primary wintering range east of the Appalachians extends south 

 from Rhode Island and southern Massachusetts through Florida. To the west of 

 the Appalachians, Canvasbacks winter from the Great Lakes south to the Gulf 

 coast and eastern, central, and western-central Mexico, west to northeastern 

 Kansas, central Oklahoma, southeastern Arizona, western Texas, and southwest to 

 the Pacific coast of Mexico (Palmer 1976b). Bellrose (1976) indicated that the 

 regular winter range in the east extends from Vermont south to Lake Okeechobee, 

 Florida. 



World Distribution Canvasbacks are native to North America and are found 

 elsewhere only as stragglers. They have wandered to Bermuda, Cuba, the Hawaiian 

 Islands, and Japan (Palmer 1976b). 



DISTRIBUTION IN THE COASTAL SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 



North Carolina Pearson et al. (1942) noted that the Canvasback is chiefly 



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