70 



World War II, physicists had been the dominant scientific group in- 

 volved in policymaking. It also served to raise a new set of issues 

 for science policymakers, ranging from ethical considerations to the 

 strict government regulation of research. 53 



Summary 



The period between 1965-1975 was one of readjustment for sci- 

 ence policymakers in the United States. For the first time since 

 World War II, the steady pattern of real growth in the Federal 

 funding of research was broken. At the same time, criticisms of sci- 

 ence and technology grew among several segments of society, much 

 of the criticism associated with the social and political protests 

 against the war in Vietnam and environmental pollution. Within 

 the Executive Office of the President, scientists lost their formal 

 advisory mechanisms when PSAC and OST were dismantled in 

 1973. Diligent work within the Congress and the Ford Administra- 

 tion restored the scientific advisory system in 1976. Federal ex- 

 penditures for research and development were also climbing once 

 again at the time of the nation's bicentennial. Nevertheless, the 

 perceived crisis in science policy of the previous decade led many 

 representatives of the scientific community to worry about the 

 overall health of the nation's research endeavor. 



53 I would like to thank Marcel C. LaFollette of M.I.T. for bringing these ideas to my atten- 

 tion. 



