498 



Index — Our Liviiii; Resources 



recreational. 32?. 428. 443 



subsistence. Beaufort Sej. central Alaska. 341 

 FJC (Fouilh ot July Buuertly Count). 171-72 

 flammulated owl (Otus jlaninwolns). 67 

 flannel molh iMfgalopyge crispaia). \6b 

 tlannelnniuth sucker iCatostomus latipinni.\}. 150 

 flathead catfish {Pylodiclis olivaris), 151. 432 

 flathead sole (Hippoglossoides elassodon). 409 

 flattened musk turtle iStemoiheru.s Jepressus). J J'-f 

 flatwoods salamander tAmbysionui cinguhiliim). 129 

 flatworm {PseuJostylochus oslreophgus), 429 

 flea, spiny water {Bythotrephes cederstntenu). 429. 444 

 fleabane 



Erigerun 

 heliugraphis. 320. 321 

 kuschei, 320 

 lemmonii. 320, 321 

 prmglei,^2i). 321 

 flicker 



northern {CoUtptes auralus). 231 



red-shafted (Colaptvs ciuratiis cufer). 20 



yellow-shafted (Colaptes aiiralus), 20 

 floater, giant {Pxgancdon gnwdis), ISO 

 floating bladdenvort. large {UlhcuUiria inflafa Walter). 209 

 flood control 



rare forest types and. 220 



western riparian ecosystems and, 2S6 



wetlands and. 217. 270. 47.*; 

 fluodplams. 285, See also nptU^ian ecosystems 



change. Rio Grande. 290-91 



habitat change. 234-36 



npanan ecosystem dynamics and. 287 

 Flora of Alaska and Neighboring Ternutnes. 202 

 Flora of the Great Plains, 203 

 Flora of New England. The, 203 

 Flora of North Ainerua, 19S. 201 

 Flonda 



acid lakes, 419 



Amencan dlUgaiov {Alligator mississippiensis) in. 127-28 



Audubon's crested caracara (Caraeara plancus audubonii), 



82-83 



Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission. 127 



spectacled caiman {Caiman crocodilus). 435 

 Flonda Bay. 273 



turtles, 121. 122 

 Florida bear (Ursus ameneaniis flondiutus), 102 

 Florida Big Bend. 273 

 Florida Keys, reef fishes. 279-84 

 Florida Keys National Manne Sanctuary. 279 

 Florida largemouth bass {Micropterus salmoides floridanus), 148 

 Florida manatee {Tnehechus manatus latirostris), 267-69 



aenal surveys. 268 



future, 269 



habitat threats. 268 



recovery criteria. 268 

 Flonda pine snake iPituoplus melanoleucus mugttus), 129 

 Florida Reef Tract. 279 

 Florida State Collectiomn of Arthropods. 161 

 Florida subspecies, Amencan kestrel (Falco sparx-erius paidits), 67 

 flounder 



starry [Plattchthys stellatiis), 409. 41 1 



winter [Plennmectes americanus), 409, 411 

 flowenng plants. 200. 201 



climate change and, 390 

 fluled-shell (Uismigona costata), 180 

 fly 



Diptera. 161 



Drosophila (Pomance flies), 367-71 



Hawaii, 366 



robber {Diogmites symmachus). 162 

 flycatcher, 18 



Acadian (Empidonax virescens). 20 



alder {Empidonax alnorum). 20 



ash-throated (Myiarchus cinerascens), 20 



brown-crested (Myiarchus tyrannulus), 20 



buff-breasted (Empidoncjx fulvifrons), 320 



dusky {Empidonax oberholseri). 20 



great crested (Myiarchus crinitus), 20 



Hammond's (Empidonax hammondii), 20 



least (Empidonax minimus), 20, 299, 420 



olive-sided (Contopus borealis). 20 



Pacific-slope {Empidonax difficilis), 20 



scissor-tailed (Tyrannus forficatus). 20 



southwestern willow (Empidonax trailitt extimus), 89-91 



western {Empidonax difftcilis), 466 



willow (Empidonax iraillii). 17. 20 



yellow-bellied { Empidtmax jlaviventris). 20 

 flying fox. Mariana (Ptcmpiis manannus). 455 

 flying squirrel, northern (Glancomxs sahnnus). 192. 193 

 fonofos, 417 

 food habitat studies. 8 

 Food Secunty Act of 1985 (Farm Bill), 302, 307. 426 



Conservation Title, 423 

 foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylH), 132, 133 

 forb 



Euryops multifida, 321 



Mentha pipertia. 176 

 Forbesichthys agassiz (spnng cavefish). 177 

 forested wetlands. 475 



restoration, 2 1 7 



size estimates. 216 



Southern, 216-17 

 Forest Inventory and Analysis program, U.S. Department of 



Agnculture Forest Service (USPS). 214 

 forest land 



acid deposition (acid rain) and, 420 



air pollution eft'ects, 227 



charactenstics of, 214-15 



distribution of. 215 



environmental degradation and. 205 



fragmentation, bird breeding productivity and. 25 



growth, 215 



growth-removal ratios. 215 



harvest, 215 



loss of. 472 



mixed -conifer, atmospheric deposition and solute transport in. 



421-23 



mortality. 215 



ownership of. 215 



sky island ecosystems. 318-22 



subalpine. 314-17 



tiniberland, 215 



U.S. resources, 214-15 

 forestry practices, red-cockaded woodpecker and. 87. 88 

 fork-tailed storm-petrel (Oceanodroma furcata). 44 

 Forster"s tern (Sterna forsteri), 45. 54, 56 

 fossil plant materials. 224-27 



pollen. 224-27 

 fountain grass (Pennisetiim sciaceum). 364 

 four-fingered skink. brown (Carlia fusca), 434 

 Fourth of July Butterfly Count (FJC), 171-72 

 fox 



Arctic (Alopex lagopus). 28. 51. 441 



Mariana flying {Pteropits marianmts). 455 



red {Vulpes vulpes), 45. 51. 296, 302, 306. 407, 440 

 fox gecko (Hemidactylus gunwtii), 434 

 foxglove, giant false- (Aureolaria grandijlora). 231 

 fox sparrow (Passerella iltaca). 21 

 foxtail pine {Pmus balfounana), 315, 316. 421 

 Fractercula conuciilata (homed puffin). 51 

 fragile papershell mussel ( Leptodea fragilis), 180, 445 

 Frankltnia alatamuha (Franklinia). 208 

 Franklinia (Franklinia alatamaha). 208 

 Franklin's gull {Earns pipLxcan), 19, 45, 54. 56. 297. 299 

 Fratercula 



arctica (Atlantic puffin), 55 



cirrhaia {tufted puffin), 46. 51 

 freshwater algae. 255-56 

 freshwater diatoms. 256-58 



freshwater drum {Aplodinotus gninniens), 261. 263. 447 

 freshwater fish. See also fish 



habitat change, 146 



imperiled, 142-47 



managed populations, 141. 147-48 



Southeastern, 144-46 

 freshwater gastropod fauna. Mobile Bay basin. 249-52 

 freshwater limpets ( Ancylidae), 251 

 freshwater mussels, 177-79, See also mussel 



biological pollution and, 179, 181-82 



conservation of, 179 



current status. 181-82 



decline, 178-79 



determining status. 177-78 



endangered species, 178 



historical status, 180-81 



Lake Huron-Lake Erie corridor. 179-82 



shells, uses of. 177 

 freshwater protozoa, 252 



