220 METHODS AND RESULTS OP ETHNOLOGY. 



to those of the Polynesians, that no one has ven- 

 tured to suggest that they are merely modified 

 Polynesians — a suggestion which could otherwise 

 certainly have been made. But if languages may 

 be thus transferred from one stock to another, 

 without any corresponding intermixture of blood, 

 what ethnological value has philology? — what se- 

 curity does unity of language afford us that the 

 speakers of that language may not have sprung 

 from two, or three, or a dozen, distinct sources? 



Thus we come, at last, to the purely zoological 

 method, from which it is not unnatural to expect 

 more than from any other, seeing that, after all, 

 the problems of ethnology are simply those which 

 are presented to the zoologist by every widely dis- 

 tributed animal he studies. The father of modern 

 zoology seems to have had no doubt upon this point. 

 At the twenty-eighth page of the standard twelfth 

 edition of the " Systema Naturae," in fact, we 



find: — 



I. Primates. 



Dentes primores incisores : superiores IV. paralleli, 

 mammce pectorales II. 



1. Homo. Nosce te ipsum. 



Sapiens. 1. H. diurnus : varians cultura, loco. 



Ferus. Tetrapus, inutus, hirsutus. 



Americanus a. Rufus, cholericus, rectus — Pilis nigris, rec- 

 tis, crassis — Narihus patulis — Facie ephe- 

 litica : Mento subimberbi. 



Pertinax, contentus, liber. Pingit se lineis 

 dacdaleis rubris. 



Regitur Consuetudine. 



