v BRITISH ETHNOLOGY. 2Y1 



have supplanted Celtic. Even as early as Caesar's 

 time, I suppose that the Euskarian was everywhere, 

 except in Spain and in Aquitaine, replaced by Cel- 

 tic, and thus the Celtic speakers were no longer of 

 one ethnological stock, but of two. Both in West- 

 ern Europe and in England a third wave of lan- 

 guage — in the one case Latin, in the other Teu- 

 tonic — has spread over the same area. In Western 

 Europe, it has left a fragment of the primary Eu- 

 skarian in one corner of the country, and a frag- 

 ment of the secondary Celtic in another. In the 

 British islands, only outlying pools of the second- 

 ary linguistic wave remain in Wales, the Highlands, 

 Ireland, and the Isle of Man. If this hypothesis is 

 a sound one, it follows that the name of Celtic is not 

 properly applicable to the Melanochroic or dark 

 stock of Europe. They are merely, so to speak, 

 secondary Celts. The primary and aboriginal Cel- 

 tic-speaking people are Xanthochroi — the typical 

 Gauls of the ancient writers, and the close allies by 

 blood, customs, and language, of the Germans. 



