230 METHODS AND RESULTS OF ETHNOLOGY. 



choiiria to Siam, Thibet, and Northern Hindostan, 

 is continuously inhabited by men, usually of short 

 stature, with skins varying in colour from yellow 

 to olive; with broad cheek-bones and faces that, 

 owing to the insignificance of the nose, are exceed- 

 ingly flat; and with small, obliquely-set * black 

 eyes and straight black hair, which sometimes at- 

 tains a very great length upon the scalp, but is 

 always scanty upon the face and body. The skull, 

 never much elongated, is, generally, remarkably 

 broad and rounded, with hardly any nasal depres- 

 sion, and but slight, if any, projection of the jaws. 

 Many of these people, from whom the old name of 

 Mongolians may be retained, are nomades; others, 

 as the Chinese, have attained a remarkable and ap- 

 parently indigenous civilization, only surpassed by 

 that of Europe. 



At the north-western extremity of Europe the 

 Lapps repeat the characters of the Eastern 

 Asiatics. Between these extreme points, the 

 Mongolian stock is not continuous, but is repre- 

 sented by a chain of more or less isolated tribes, 

 who pass under the name of Calmucks and Tar- 

 tars, and form Mongolian islands, as it were, in the 

 midst of an ocean of other people. 



The waves of this ocean are the nations for 

 whom, in order to avoid the endless confusion pro- 

 duced by our present half -physical, half-philo- 



[* The obliquity, it must be recollected, is not in the 

 position of the eyeball but arises from the arrangement 

 of the skin in the neighbourhood of the eyelids. — 1894.] 



