28 THE MAX-LIKE APES. i 



ly allied species," and this conclusion was eventu- 

 ally placed beyond all doubt by Professor Owen's 

 Memoir published in the " Zoological Transac- 

 tions " for 1835, and by Temminck in his " Mono- 

 graphies de Mammalogie." Temminck's memoir is 

 remarkable for the completeness of the evidence 

 which it affords as to the modification which the 

 form of the Orang undergoes according to age 

 and sex. Tiedemann first published an account 

 of the brain of the young Orang, while Sandifort, 

 Midler and Schlegel, described the muscles and 

 the viscera of the adult, and gave the earliest de- 

 tailed and trustworthy history of the habits of 

 the great Indian Ape in a state of nature; and 

 as important additions have been made by later 

 observers, we are at this moment better ac- 

 quainted with the adult of the Orang-Utan, than 

 with that of any of the other greater man-like 

 Apes. 



It is certainly the Pongo of Wnrmb; * and it is 

 as certainly not the Pongo of Battell, seeing that 

 the Orang-Utan is entirely confined to the great 

 Asiatic islands of Borneo and Sumatra. 



And while the progress of discovery thus 

 cleared up the history of the Orang, it also became 

 established that the only other man-like Apes in 

 the eastern world were the various species of Gib- 

 bon — Apes of smaller stature, and therefore at- 



* Speaking broadly and without prejudice to the ques- 

 tion, whether there be more than one species of Orang. 



