124: MAN AND THE LOWER ANIMALS. n 



corresponds with this, which is eminently a foot 

 muscle. 



To resume — the foot of man is distinguished 

 from his hand by the following absolute anatomi- 

 cal differences: — 



1. By the arrangement of the tarsal bones. 



2. By having a short flexor and a short ex- 



tensor muscle of the digits. 



3. By possessing the muscle termed peronceus 



longus. 

 •And if we desire to ascertain whether the ter- 

 minal division of a limb, in other Primates, is to 

 be called a foot or a hand, it is by the presence or 

 absence of these characters that we must be 

 guided, and not by the mere proportions and 

 greater or lesser mobility of the great toe, which 

 may vary indefinitely without any fundamental 

 alteration in the structure of the foot. 



Keeping these considerations in mind, let us 

 now turn to the limbs of the Gorilla. The ter- 

 minal division of the fore limb presents no diffi- 

 cult}' — bone for bone and muscle for muscle, are 

 found to be arranged essentially as in man, or with 

 such minor differences as are found as varieties in 

 man. The Gorilla's hand is clumsier, heavier, and 

 has a thumb somewhat shorter in proportion than 

 that of man; but no one has ever doubted it being 

 a true hand. 



At first sight, the termination of the hind limb 



