ii TEETH: MEN AND APES. HI 



What is true of these leading characteristics of 

 the skull, holds good, as may be imagined, of all 

 minor features; so that for every constant differ- 

 ence between the Gorilla's skull and the Man's a 

 similar constant difference of the same order (that 

 is to say, consisting in excess or defect of the same 

 quality) may be found between the Gorilla's skull 

 and that of some other ape. So that, for the skull, 

 no less than for the skeleton in general, the propo- 

 sition holds good, that the differences between Man 

 and the Gorilla are of smaller value than those be- 

 tween the Gorilla and some other Apes. 



In connection with the skull, I may speak of 

 the teeth — organs which have a peculiar classifi- 

 catory value, and whose resemblances and differ- 

 ences of number, form, and succession, taken as a 

 whole, are usually regarded as more trustworthy 

 indicators of affinity tjian any others. 



Man is provided with two sets of teeth — milk 

 teeth and permanent teeth. The former consist 

 of four incisors, or cutting teeth; two canines, or 

 eye-teeth; and four molars or grinders, in each jaw, 

 making twenty in all. The latter (Fig 18) com- 

 prise four incisors, two canines, four small grinders, 

 called premolars or false molars, and six large 

 grinders, or true molars in each jaw — making 

 thirty-two in all. The internal incisors are larger 

 than the external pair, in the upper jaw, smaller 

 than the external pair, in the lower jaw. The 



